Writing a Descriptive Paragraph - Class 10 CBSE Board - Explained with Examples

Writing a Descriptive Paragraph (100-120 words)

CBSE Pattern | British English | Based on Visual or Verbal Cues

What is a Descriptive Paragraph?

A descriptive paragraph paints a picture in the reader's mind using words. It vividly describes a person, event, or situation by focusing on sensory details—what you see, hear, smell, touch, or taste. Descriptive writing should create an atmosphere that allows the reader to visualise the scene or person being described.

Structure of a Descriptive Paragraph

1. Topic Sentence: Start with a sentence that introduces the subject (person, event, or situation) and gives the reader a general idea of what you're describing.

2. Supporting Sentences: Add details to elaborate on your topic. Use adjectives, adverbs, and strong verbs to describe the appearance, feelings, or environment. Focus on at least two or three senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste).

3. Concluding Sentence: Wrap up the paragraph with a sentence that summarises the overall impression or gives a personal reflection on the subject.

Guidelines for Writing

• Stick to the Word Limit: Keep your description between 100-120 words.
• Be Specific: Avoid vague descriptions. Use precise language to create a vivid picture.
• Use Imagery: Think of how an artist paints using a variety of colours—describe your subject with rich details.
• Stay Relevant: Focus on the subject. Avoid unnecessary information.

Example of a Descriptive Paragraph

Person
Viraj always stood out in a crowd with his towering height and deep, thoughtful eyes. His neatly combed hair and clean-shaven face gave him a sophisticated look. Dressed in simple yet elegant clothes, he moved with a calm, assured grace. Whenever he spoke, his voice carried a sense of wisdom that drew people towards him. Despite his reserved nature, there was a kindness in his smile that made everyone feel at ease.

Event
The annual sports day was nothing short of thrilling. The field was a sea of bright colours as students cheered for their teams. The whistle blew, and the race began, with runners dashing across the track. The excitement in the air was palpable as everyone shouted encouragement. The final lap saw a fierce competition, with Riya overtaking her opponents in a dramatic finish, claiming the gold.

Situation
As the sun set behind the mountains, a soft breeze carried the scent of pine through the air. The campsite was peaceful, with only the crackle of the fire breaking the silence. Sitting around the campfire, we shared stories, our faces illuminated by the dancing flames. The night sky, dotted with stars, felt infinite, making the moment feel both magical and serene.

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Practice Exercise

Based on the cues provided by your teacher, write a descriptive paragraph (100-120 words) on the following topics:

1. A person you admire.
2. A family celebration you recently attended.
3. A peaceful place you have visited.

30 MCQs on "Bholi" by K.A. Abbas Class 10 English NCERT Solution

MCQs - "Bholi" by K.A. Abbas with the Answer Key at the end.

1. What was Bholi’s real name?

   • a) Champa
   • b) Sulekha
   • c) Radha
   • d) Mangla

2. Why did everyone call her Bholi?

   • a) Because she was clever
   • b) Because she was a simpleton
   • c) Because she was beautiful
   • d) Because she was the eldest

3. What happened to Bholi when she was ten months old?

   • a) She fell off the cot and hurt her head
   • b) She had a fever
   • c) She started speaking early
   • d) She was sent to school

4. How did Bholi’s appearance change when she was two years old?

   • a) She had a fever
   • b) She had smallpox and her face was disfigured
   • c) She fell ill and became weak
   • d) She was sent to school

5. What was the condition of Bholi’s speech?

   • a) She could speak fluently
   • b) She was mute
   • c) She stammered when speaking
   • d) She spoke in multiple languages

6. What was Bholi’s family background?

   • a) They were wealthy city people
   • b) They were poor villagers
   • c) They were prosperous farmers
   • d) They were shopkeepers

7. How many siblings did Bholi have?

   • a) Three
   • b) Four
   • c) Seven
   • d) Six

8. Why was Bholi sent to school?

   • a) Her parents wanted her to study
   • b) The Tehsildar asked her father to set an example
   • c) Her mother insisted she go
   • d) Bholi herself wanted to study

9. How did Bholi react when her father told her about school?

   • a) She was excited
   • b) She was scared
   • c) She was angry
   • d) She was indifferent

10. Why was Bholi given new clothes for her first day at school?

• a) Her parents wanted to celebrate
• b) The teacher asked for it
• c) To avoid embarrassment in front of others
• d) Her mother insisted on it

11. What fascinated Bholi at school during her first day?

• a) The other children
• b) The teacher’s voice
• c) The colorful pictures on the walls
• d) The headmistress’s speech

12. How did Bholi’s teacher encourage her to speak?

• a) By threatening her
• b) By being kind and patient
• c) By ignoring her stammering
• d) By giving her gifts

13. What promise did the teacher make to Bholi?

• a) That she would marry a rich man
• b) That she would be as learned as anyone in the village
• c) That she would become the school headmistress
• d) That she would never stammer again

14. How did Bholi feel after her first day at school?

• a) Sad and lonely
• b) Confident and hopeful
• c) Angry at her father
• d) Scared of her teacher

15. What proposal was made for Bholi’s marriage?

• a) A young, handsome man from the city
• b) An old, wealthy man named Bishamber
• c) A teacher from her school
• d) A poor farmer

16. What was Bishamber’s reaction when he saw Bholi’s face?

• a) He accepted her happily
• b) He demanded a dowry
• c) He rejected her immediately
• d) He praised her beauty

17. How did Bholi’s father respond to Bishamber’s dowry demand?

• a) He refused to pay
• b) He offered him two thousand rupees
• c) He called off the marriage
• d) He asked Bholi to reject the proposal

18. What did Bholi do when Bishamber tried to marry her after receiving dowry?

• a) She remained silent
• b) She threw the garland into the fire
• c) She cried and accepted her fate
• d) She begged her father to stop the wedding

19. What was Bholi’s main reason for rejecting Bishamber?

• a) His age
• b) His greed and lack of respect
• c) His appearance
• d) His wealth

20. How did Bholi’s parents react to her rejection of the marriage?

• a) They were proud of her
• b) They were ashamed and disappointed
• c) They supported her decision
• d) They arranged another match

21. How did the villagers react to Bholi’s actions at the wedding?

• a) They praised her bravery
• b) They called her shameless
• c) They offered her help
• d) They ignored her

22. What future plans did Bholi have after rejecting the marriage?

• a) To live alone
• b) To become a teacher
• c) To marry someone else
• d) To work in her father’s farm

23. What does the name "Bholi" mean?

• a) Intelligent
• b) Simpleton
• c) Brave
• d) Beautiful

24. Why was Bholi called "Sulekha" at the end of the story?

• a) To show her transformation into a confident woman
• b) Because her parents changed her name
• c) Because her teacher gave her a new name
• d) To honor her marriage rejection

25. What does Bholi’s rejection of Bishamber symbolize?

• a) The victory of greed
• b) The empowerment of women
• c) The failure of marriage traditions
• d) The importance of education

26. What lesson does Bholi's story teach about social attitudes?

• a) To follow traditions blindly
• b) To break barriers of discrimination and fight for dignity
• c) To always accept societal norms
• d) To depend on others for self-worth

27. How did Bholi’s family view her before she went to school?

• a) As an intelligent girl
• b) As a burden
• c) As a future leader
• d) As their pride

28. How did Bholi’s teacher change her life?

• a) By punishing her
• b) By encouraging her to learn and overcome her fears
• c) By arranging her marriage
• d) By making her the head girl

29. What is the primary theme of the story "Bholi"?

• a) Greed and wealth
• b) Education and self-respect
• c) Love and sacrifice
• d) Power and authority

30. What does Bholi promise her father at the end of the story?

• a) That she will take care of him in his old age
• b) That she will find a better husband
• c) That she will run away from home
• d) That she will never go to school again

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Answer Key:

1. b
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. c
6. c
7. d
8. b
9. b
10. c
11. c
12. b
13. b
14. b
15. b
16. b
17. b
18. b
19. b
20. b
21. b
22. b
23. b
24. a
25. b
26. b
27. b
28. b
29. b
30. a

The Proposal by Anton Chekhov - Summary, Q&A, Important Questions and MCQs

Summary of "The Proposal" by Anton Chekhov

"The Proposal" is a one-act farce that explores the comedic and absurd nature of courtship between the wealthy landowners Ivan Lomov and Natalya Stepanovna. Lomov visits Stepan Chubukov’s house to propose to his daughter, Natalya. However, instead of smoothly asking for her hand in marriage, they begin to argue over trivial matters like the ownership of Oxen Meadows and whose dog is better. These petty arguments escalate to the point where the proposal itself is almost forgotten. In the end, despite their endless bickering, Chubukov persuades them to get married, although they continue arguing even after their engagement is secured.

Answers to Questions

1. What does Chubukov at first suspect that Lomov has come for? Is he sincere when he later says, "And I've always loved you, my angel, as if you were my own son"?

   • Chubukov initially suspects that Lomov has come to borrow money. He is not entirely sincere when he later claims that he has always loved Lomov like his own son. His exaggerated reaction to Lomov's proposal, followed by the rapid change in his behavior when Lomov starts arguing with Natalya, shows that his affection is more tied to the material benefit of the marriage than genuine emotion.

2. Chubukov says of Natalya: "...as if she won’t consent! She’s in love; egad, she’s like a lovesick cat..." Would you agree?

   • Yes, Chubukov's statement is partly true. Natalya’s reaction after learning that Lomov came to propose — she becomes extremely upset and demands that he be brought back immediately — suggests that she has feelings for Lomov, even if they are not overtly romantic. Her sudden switch from arguing with Lomov to eagerly accepting his proposal reflects emotional confusion, much like a "lovesick cat."

3. (i) Find all the words and expressions in the play that the characters use to speak about each other, and the accusations and insults they hurl at each other.

   • Lomov calls Chubukov a "malicious, double-faced intriguer" and accuses him of being a "grabber." Chubukov, in turn, calls Lomov a "fool," a "pettifogger," and an "intriguer." Natalya and Lomov also insult each other, with Lomov claiming that Natalya’s dog, Squeezer, is "overshot" and a poor hunter, while Natalya calls Lomov’s dog, Guess, "old" and "ugly."

   (ii) Five adjectives to describe each character:

   • Lomov: Nervous, argumentative, insecure, excitable, indecisive.
   • Natalya: Stubborn, emotional, quarrelsome, passionate, prideful.
   • Chubukov: Manipulative, opportunistic, impatient, hypocritical, dramatic.

   (iii) What will they quarrel about next?

• They are likely to quarrel about household matters, future decisions regarding their land or livestock, or continue bickering about trivial matters like their dogs, as their argumentative nature seems to be a core part of their personalities.

The Sermon at Benaras - First Flight - English - Class X - Q&A Solved

Table of Content

• Summary of 'The Sermon at Benaras'
• Question and Answer
• Extract Based Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
• 20 Multiple Choice Questions based on chapter 'The Sermon at Benaras'

Story Summary: The Sermon at Benares

The story begins with Gautama Buddha, who lived as Prince Siddhartha Gautama before he became enlightened. After witnessing human suffering, he renounced his royal life in search of understanding. Upon gaining enlightenment, he shared his teachings through sermons, the first of which was delivered at Benares.

A woman named Kisa Gotami, stricken by grief over her only son’s death, sought medicine to bring him back to life. When the Buddha met her, he asked her to bring mustard seeds from a household that had never experienced death. As she searched, she realized that death had touched every family, and she could not find a household untouched by it. This led her to the understanding that death is inevitable and affects everyone.

The Buddha taught that life is short, filled with suffering, and that death is a part of life. He encouraged Kisa Gotami to stop grieving and instead seek peace by understanding this truth.

Questions and Answers:

1. What does Kisa Gotami ask for when her son dies? Does she get it? Why not?

   • Kisa Gotami asks for medicine to bring her dead son back to life. However, she does not get it because no medicine can cure death. The people around her recognized that her son was dead and that nothing could revive him.

2. What does Kisa Gotami ask for the second time, after speaking with the Buddha? Does she get it? Why not?

   • The second time, Kisa Gotami asks for mustard seeds from a household that has not experienced death. She does not get it because every house she visited had faced the death of a loved one. This taught her that death is a universal experience.

3. What does Kisa Gotami understand the second time that she failed to understand the first time? Was this what the Buddha wanted her to understand?

   • The second time, Kisa Gotami understands that death is a natural part of life and affects everyone. This is exactly what the Buddha wanted her to realize—that her personal grief was not unique, and death is inevitable for all.

4. Why do you think Kisa Gotami understood this only the second time? In what way did the Buddha change her understanding?

   • Kisa Gotami was blinded by her grief the first time and could not accept her son’s death. By sending her to gather mustard seeds from households untouched by death, the Buddha made her realize through experience that death spares no one. This practical journey opened her eyes to the truth.

5. How do you usually understand the idea of ‘selfishness’? Do you agree with Kisa Gotami that she was being ‘selfish in her grief’?

• Selfishness typically means thinking only of oneself. Kisa Gotami may have been selfish in her grief because she wanted her son back, ignoring the reality that death is unavoidable. Her grief focused on her personal loss rather than understanding that suffering is part of life for everyone.

Extract Based MCQs

1. Extract:
"Kisa Gotami repaired to the Buddha and cried, 'Lord and Master, give me the medicine that will cure my boy.' The Buddha answered, 'I want a handful of mustard-seed. And when the girl in her joy promised to procure it, the Buddha added, 'The mustard-seed must be taken from a house where no one has lost a child, husband, parent or friend.' "

MCQs:

1. Who did Kisa Gotami approach to find a cure for her dead son?

   • a) A doctor
   • b) Her neighbors
   • c) The Buddha
   • d) A wise monk

2. What did the Buddha ask Kisa Gotami to bring?

   • a) A special herb
   • b) A handful of mustard seeds
   • c) A magical potion
   • d) A piece of cloth

3. What was the condition placed by the Buddha for the mustard seeds?

   • a) They must be freshly harvested
   • b) They must come from a holy place
   • c) They must come from a house where no one has ever died
   • d) They must be bought from the market

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2. Extract:
"Poor Kisa Gotami now went from house to house, and the people pitied her and said, 'Here is mustard-seed; take it!' But when she asked, 'Did a son or daughter, a father or mother, die in your family?' they answered her, 'Alas! the living are few, but the dead are many.' "

MCQs:

1. How did people react when Kisa Gotami asked for mustard seeds?

   • a) They ignored her
   • b) They pitied her and offered mustard seeds
   • c) They laughed at her request
   • d) They scolded her for asking

2. What did Kisa Gotami inquire about in each house she visited?

   • a) If anyone had lost a loved one
   • b) If they had extra mustard seeds
   • c) If they knew a doctor
   • d) If they believed in the Buddha’s teachings

3. What truth did the people reveal to Kisa Gotami about life and death?

   • a) No one ever dies
   • b) The dead are few
   • c) The living are few, but the dead are many
   • d) Everyone lives forever

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3. Extract:
"Kisa Gotami became weary and hopeless, and sat down at the wayside watching the lights of the city, as they flickered up and were extinguished again. At last, the darkness of the night reigned everywhere."

MCQs:

1. Why did Kisa Gotami feel weary and hopeless?

   • a) Because she was unable to find mustard seeds
   • b) Because she could not find a house without death
   • c) Because her son had fallen ill again
   • d) Because she could not meet the Buddha again

2. What did Kisa Gotami observe as she sat by the wayside?

   • a) The rising sun
   • b) The lights of the city flickering and going out
   • c) The bustling market
   • d) The moon rising in the sky

3. What is symbolized by the darkness that enveloped the city?

   • a) Life and hope
   • b) Death and the end of life
   • c) A new beginning
   • d) A bright future ahead

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4. Extract:
"The Buddha said, 'The life of mortals in this world is troubled and brief and combined with pain. For there is not any means by which those that have been born can avoid dying; after reaching old age there is death.' "

MCQs:

1. How does the Buddha describe the life of mortals?

   • a) Joyful and endless
   • b) Long and peaceful
   • c) Troubled, brief, and painful
   • d) Full of happiness and laughter

2. According to the Buddha, what is inevitable for all living beings?

   • a) Happiness
   • b) Wealth
   • c) Death
   • d) Success

3. What happens to mortals after they reach old age, as per the Buddha?

   • a) They live forever
   • b) They gain wisdom
   • c) They die
   • d) They become rich

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5. Extract:
"He who seeks peace should draw out the arrow of lamentation, and complaint, and grief. He who has drawn out the arrow and has become composed will obtain peace of mind; he who has overcome all sorrow will become free from sorrow, and be blessed."

MCQs:

1. What does the Buddha suggest one must do to find peace?

   • a) Seek wealth
   • b) Remove sorrow and grief
   • c) Meditate in solitude
   • d) Speak with monks

2. According to the Buddha, what must one overcome to be free from sorrow?

   • a) Fear
   • b) Anger
   • c) Lamentation, complaint, and grief
   • d) Desire for success

3. What is the result of drawing out the 'arrow of lamentation'?

• a) Attaining peace of mind
• b) Receiving enlightenment
• c) Acquiring wealth
• d) Gaining knowledge

How to Write a Report – Format, Topics, and Samples

What is Report Writing?

Report writing is a formal method of communication used to present information systematically and succinctly. It aims to convey findings, opinions, or data from various sources to a specific audience, ensuring the information is clear, accurate, and relevant.

Types of Reports:

1. Newspaper Report: Focuses on an event, incident, or issue of public interest.

2. Magazine Report: A more detailed and analytical version, usually covering a topic or event in depth.

3. School Report: A concise, formal account of an academic or extracurricular activity or event.

Report Writing Format:

When writing a report, it’s important to follow a structured format:

1. Heading/Title:

• Should be brief and eye-catching.
• Must convey the essence of the report.

2. Byline:

• This indicates the author of the report.
• Do not include personal information like roll numbers or class unless required.

3. Introduction/Lead Paragraph:

• The first paragraph should introduce the event, place, time, and other relevant details.
• It sets the tone and provides the context for the reader.

4. Body of the Report:

• This section provides more details regarding the event or topic.
• Follow a logical order and ensure the facts are accurate.
• Mention key participants, actions, and outcomes.
• You can break the body into multiple paragraphs for clarity and coherence.

5. Conclusion:

• Summarize the key points of the report.
• If applicable, suggest future actions or consequences.

6. Facts and Data:

• Incorporate statistical data, quotes, or factual information that support your report.

Sample Report Topics:

1. School Events:

Example: Annual Sports Day, Science Fair, Debate Competition

2. Accidents and Disasters:

Example: Road Accident, Fire Breakout, Floods

3. Social Issues:

Example: Increasing Air Pollution, Water Scarcity, Poverty

4. Current Affairs:

Example: Elections, New Government Policies, International Summit

Sample Report (School Event):

Title: Annual Sports Day Celebrated at ABC School

By: XYZ, Class 12

The Annual Sports Day of ABC School was held on September 25, 2024, with great enthusiasm and zeal. The event commenced at 9 AM on the school grounds, where the students, teachers, and parents gathered in large numbers.

The chief guest, Mr. Arun Prakash, an eminent sports personality, inaugurated the event with a brief motivational speech. Students from all grades participated in various sports competitions, including track and field events, basketball, and cricket matches.

The highlight of the day was the 100-meter sprint, in which Saurabh from Class 11 won first place. The event concluded with a prize distribution ceremony, where the winners were felicitated by the chief guest.

The event was a grand success, thanks to the efforts of the sports faculty and student volunteers. It reinforced the spirit of teamwork and healthy competition among the students.

20 MCQs on Poem 'How to Tell Wild Animals' with Answer - Class 10 NCERT Solution

20 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the poem, covering comprehension aspects such as inferential, factual, vocabulary, and literary devices

Factual Questions:

1. Which animal is described as "large and tawny"?
   a) Bengal Tiger
   b) Asian Lion
   c) Leopard
   d) Bear
   Answer: b) Asian Lion

2. What will help you identify a Bengal Tiger?
   a) Its roar
   b) Its noble appearance
   c) Black stripes on a yellow ground
   d) Its large size
   Answer: c) Black stripes on a yellow ground

3. Which animal is known for hugging very hard?
   a) Leopard
   b) Crocodile
   c) Bear
   d) Hyena
   Answer: c) Bear

4. How can you tell a Crocodile from a Hyena?
   a) By their size
   b) Hyenas smile; Crocodiles cry
   c) Hyenas roar; Crocodiles are silent
   d) Crocodiles are larger than Hyenas
   Answer: b) Hyenas smile; Crocodiles cry

5. What feature does the Chameleon lack?
   a) Eyes
   b) Ears and wings
   c) Tail
   d) Spots
   Answer: b) Ears and wings

Vocabulary Questions:

6. What does the word "tawny" in the poem most closely mean?
   a) Green
   b) Brownish-yellow
   c) Black
   d) White
   Answer: b) Brownish-yellow

7. What is the meaning of "discern" as used in the line "The Bengal Tiger to discern"?
   a) Escape
   b) Notice
   c) Capture
   d) Fear
   Answer: b) Notice

8. In the line "’Twill do no good to roar with pain," what does "'Twill" mean?
   a) It is
   b) They will
   c) It will
   d) She will
   Answer: c) It will

9. What does the word "nonplus" mean in the context of the poem?
   a) To confuse
   b) To amaze
   c) To frighten
   d) To challenge
   Answer: a) To confuse

10. The phrase "peppered with spots" refers to which animal?
    a) Bengal Tiger
    b) Leopard
    c) Chameleon
    d) Asian Lion
    Answer: b) Leopard

Inferential Questions:

11. What is implied when the poet says, "If he roars at you as you’re dyin’"?
    a) The lion roars after attacking its prey.
    b) The lion roars to scare people away.
    c) The lion roars to protect its territory.
    d) The lion is a gentle creature.
    Answer: a) The lion roars after attacking its prey.

12. What can be inferred about the Leopard from the line "He’ll only lep and lep again"?
    a) The Leopard attacks multiple times.
    b) The Leopard flees after one attack.
    c) The Leopard is weak.
    d) The Leopard is friendly.
    Answer: a) The Leopard attacks multiple times.

13. Why does the poet suggest "If they weep they’re Crocodiles"?
    a) Crocodiles are known to cry when eating.
    b) Crocodiles are emotional animals.
    c) Crocodiles and hyenas cry in the same way.
    d) Crocodiles weep to show sadness.
    Answer: a) Crocodiles are known to cry when eating.

14. Why would meeting a Chameleon be tricky, as described in the poem?
    a) It moves too fast to see.
    b) It blends perfectly into its surroundings.
    c) It flies away quickly.
    d) It hides in water.
    Answer: b) It blends perfectly into its surroundings.

15. What does the poet mean by "If there is nothing on the tree, ’Tis the chameleon you see"?
    a) The tree is empty.
    b) The chameleon has camouflaged so well that it's invisible.
    c) The chameleon has left the tree.
    d) The chameleon is hiding behind the tree.
    Answer: b) The chameleon has camouflaged so well that it's invisible.

Literary Devices Questions:

16. Which poetic device is used in "If he roars at you as you’re dyin’"?
    a) Simile
    b) Alliteration
    c) Personification
    d) Rhyme
    Answer: d) Rhyme

17. What literary device is used in the line "A noble wild beast greets you"?
    a) Simile
    b) Metaphor
    c) Irony
    d) Hyperbole
    Answer: b) Metaphor

18. Identify the rhyme scheme of the first stanza.
    a) ABAB
    b) AABB
    c) ABCD
    d) ABBA
    Answer: a) ABAB

19. The phrase "peppered with spots" is an example of which literary device?
    a) Simile
    b) Alliteration
    c) Imagery
    d) Hyperbole
    Answer: c) Imagery

20. What is the tone of the poem?
    a) Serious
    b) Humorous
    c) Sad
    d) Angry
    Answer: b) Humorous

Top 20 Challenging MCQs for Class 10 English - The Hack Driver | Comprehensive Test

Here are 20 challenging multiple-choice questions (MCQs) that test both factual and inferential comprehension of "The Hack Driver". Answer Key is given at the end.

1. What was the primary reason the young lawyer was sent to New Mullion?

   • A) To investigate a crime
   • B) To serve a summons
   • C) To buy property
   • D) To find a missing person

2. How did the young lawyer initially perceive the village of New Mullion?

   • A) As a thriving city
   • B) As a charming, picturesque town
   • C) As a dull, unimpressive place
   • D) As a dangerous and hostile environment

3. What was the lawyer's first impression of the hack driver?

   • A) Suspicious and unfriendly
   • B) Trustworthy and friendly
   • C) Arrogant and dismissive
   • D) Wealthy and influential

4. What was the hack driver’s real identity?

   • A) Oliver Lutkins
   • B) A hired hand of Lutkins
   • C) A local sheriff
   • D) A farmer from the nearby village

5. Which location did the hack driver first take the lawyer to in the search for Lutkins?

   • A) The local inn
   • B) Lutkins' house
   • C) Fritz’s shop
   • D) The courthouse

6. What reason did the hack driver give for Lutkins’ absence from Fritz’s shop?

   • A) He was hiding from the law
   • B) He was visiting his mother
   • C) He was playing poker
   • D) He was working on his farm

7. What was the lawyer's final realization about the hack driver?

   • A) That he had been a helpful guide
   • B) That he was Lutkins himself
   • C) That he was a government official
   • D) That he had been cheated out of money

8. Why did the people of New Mullion assist in deceiving the lawyer?

   • A) Out of loyalty to Lutkins
   • B) Because they disliked outsiders
   • C) They were unaware of the deception
   • D) They were paid to deceive him

9. What did the lawyer decide about practising law in New Mullion after his experience?

   • A) He was eager to return
   • B) He was hesitant and reconsidered
   • C) He vowed never to return
   • D) He decided to take revenge on Lutkins

10. How does the story "The Hack Driver" primarily convey its humour?

    • A) Through exaggerated characters
    • B) Through wordplay and puns
    • C) Through the irony of the lawyer’s situation
    • D) Through slapstick comedy

11. Which emotion best describes the lawyer’s feelings towards the hack driver during the search?

    • A) Fear
    • B) Anger
    • C) Admiration
    • D) Suspicion

12. What does Lutkins' behaviour throughout the story suggest about his character?

    • A) He is honest but misunderstood
    • B) He is deceptive and manipulative
    • C) He is fearful of the law
    • D) He is a victim of circumstance

13. How does the lawyer's inexperience play a role in the story?

    • A) It makes him more suspicious of others
    • B) It leads him to underestimate Lutkins
    • C) It causes him to solve the case quickly
    • D) It leads to his decision to quit law

14. Which of the following themes is most prominent in "The Hack Driver"?

    • A) Justice and the law
    • B) Deception and gullibility
    • C) Friendship and loyalty
    • D) Wealth and poverty

15. How does the lawyer’s attitude towards his job change by the end of the story?

    • A) He becomes more confident in his abilities
    • B) He becomes disillusioned with his profession
    • C) He decides to pursue a different career
    • D) He becomes more passionate about serving justice

16. What lesson does the lawyer learn by the end of the story?

    • A) To trust everyone
    • B) To be more skeptical and discerning
    • C) That the law always prevails
    • D) That people in small towns are simple and honest

17. What role do the other villagers play in the deception of the lawyer?

    • A) They actively conspire with Lutkins
    • B) They are unaware of the lawyer’s purpose
    • C) They warn the lawyer about Lutkins
    • D) They try to help the lawyer but fail

18. Why did the lawyer enjoy his day in New Mullion despite not finding Lutkins?

    • A) He enjoyed the rural scenery
    • B) He was amused by the hack driver’s stories
    • C) He was glad to escape his office work
    • D) He believed he was making progress in the case

19. How might the story be different if the lawyer had not been so trusting?

    • A) He would have found Lutkins immediately
    • B) He would have been less successful in his career
    • C) He would have been less likely to enjoy the day
    • D) He might have avoided being deceived

20. What is the significance of the title "The Hack Driver"?

    • A) It reflects the lawyer's profession
    • B) It misleads the reader about the true nature of the story
    • C) It highlights the importance of transportation in the plot
    • D) It reveals the hack driver's central role in the story

 Answer Keys:

1. C. Summons
2. D. He was actually Oliver Lutkins
3. B. Bill Magnuson
4. C. At a farmhouse on Gustaff’s farm
5. D. Deceived the lawyer
6. A. Lutkins had deceived him
7. C. He was naive and inexperienced
8. B. He failed to realize that the hack driver was Lutkins himself
9. A. Lutkins’ mother
10. D. Summons to court
11. B. He enjoyed the countryside and the people
12. C. They did not give any information about Lutkins
13. A. The lawyer’s colleague
14. C. He found out he had been deceived by Lutkins
15. B. He was impressed by Lutkins’ knowledge of the village
16. D. Bill pretended to help the lawyer but actually misled him
17. A. The lawyer’s naivety and trust in Bill
18. C. Lutkins was Bill, the hack driver
19. D. A little less smart and knowledgeable than he thought
20. C. Lutkins and his mother played the lawyer for a fool

The Hack Driver SINCLAIR LEWIS - Footprints Without Feet - Class 10 - NCERT - Q&A Solved

Table of Contents

• Word Meanings
• Summary of the Story 'The Hack Driver'
• READ AND FIND OUT (Page 47) Q&A
• READ AND FIND OUT (Page 50) Q&A
• THINK ABOUT IT - Questions and Answers
• TALK ABOUT IT

Word Meanings of 'The Hack Driver'

Following is a list of potentially difficult words from the story "The Hack Driver" along with their simple definitions. The list may differ from student to student.

1. Summons - An official order to appear in court.
2. Magnificent - Extremely beautiful or impressive.
3. Self-confident - Feeling sure about oneself and one’s abilities.
4. Rejoiced - Felt great joy or happiness.
5. Agreeable - Pleasant or enjoyable.
6. Poker - A card game where players bet on the value of their cards.
7. Bargain - To negotiate the price of something.
8. Suspicious - Distrustful, thinking something is wrong.
9. Deceiving - Misleading someone, making them believe something that is not true.
10. Exhausted - Completely used up or tired.
11. Credit - The ability to obtain goods or services before payment.
12. Lingering - Staying in a place longer than necessary.
13. Greasy - Covered with or resembling oil.
14. Carter - A person who transports goods in a cart.
15. Philosophy - A way of thinking or a set of beliefs.
16. Terror - A person or thing that is very difficult or frightening.
17. Retreat - To move back or withdraw.
18. Summons - A legal document ordering someone to appear in court.
19. Gullible - Easily deceived or tricked.
20. Con man - A person who tricks others for personal gain.

Summary of the Story 'The Hack Driver'

"The Hack Driver" is a humorous story about a young lawyer who is sent to a small village called New Mullion to serve a summons to a man named Oliver Lutkins. When the lawyer arrives, he meets a friendly hack driver who offers to help him find Lutkins. The driver takes him around the village, visiting various places where Lutkins is supposed to be, but they never manage to find him. The lawyer enjoys the day, thinking the driver is very helpful and kind. However, in the end, he discovers that the hack driver was actually Lutkins himself, who had been fooling him the entire time.

Question and Answer of 'The Hack Driver'

READ AND FIND OUT (Page 47)

• Why is the lawyer sent to New Mullion? What does he first think about the place?
  The lawyer is sent to New Mullion to serve a summons to Oliver Lutkins. He initially expects the village to be a sweet and simple country place, but is disappointed when he finds it muddy, shabby, and unappealing.

• Who befriends him? Where does he take him?
  A hack driver, who later turns out to be Lutkins, befriends the lawyer. He takes the lawyer around the village, supposedly helping him search for Lutkins.

• What does he say about Lutkins?
  The hack driver describes Lutkins as a tricky fellow who is difficult to catch and often involved in various activities, like playing poker.

READ AND FIND OUT (Page 50)

• What more does Bill say about Lutkins and his family?
  Bill, the hack driver, mentions that Lutkins is known for being dishonest and not paying his debts. He also describes Lutkins' mother as a formidable woman who is quick-tempered and protective of her son.

• Does the narrator serve the summons that day?
  No, the narrator does not serve the summons that day because he never realizes that the hack driver is actually Lutkins himself.

• Who is Lutkins?
  Lutkins is the very hack driver who pretends to help the lawyer search for himself, fooling the lawyer throughout the day.

THINK ABOUT IT

1. When the lawyer reached New Mullion, did ‘Bill’ know that he was looking for Lutkins? When do you think Bill came up with his plan for fooling the lawyer?
   Yes, Bill (Lutkins) likely knew that the lawyer was looking for him from the very beginning. He probably devised the plan to fool the lawyer as soon as he learned the lawyer's purpose.

2. Lutkins openly takes the lawyer all over the village. How is it that no one lets out the secret?
   Lutkins manipulates the situation by always making the lawyer stay out of sight or remain quiet while they search for him. He likely informed others in the village to play along, ensuring that no one revealed his true identity.

3. Why do you think Lutkins’ neighbours were anxious to meet the lawyer?
   Lutkins' neighbors were likely amused by the situation and curious to see the lawyer who had been tricked by Lutkins all day.

4. After his first day’s experience with the hack driver, the lawyer thinks of returning to New Mullion to practice law. Do you think he would have reconsidered this idea after his second visit?
   After realizing that he was deceived by Lutkins, the lawyer would likely reconsider his idea of returning to New Mullion, as the people there were not as simple and honest as he initially thought.

5. Do you think the lawyer was gullible? How could he have avoided being taken for a ride?
   Yes, the lawyer was gullible. He could have avoided being deceived by asking more questions, verifying the information given by the hack driver, or by being more observant and cautious throughout the day.

TALK ABOUT IT

1. Do we come across persons like Lutkins only in fiction, or do we encounter them in real life as well?
   We do encounter people like Lutkins in real life, who are skilled at deceiving others for their benefit. These individuals can be found in various situations, from everyday life to stories in newspapers.

2. Who is a ‘con man’, or a confidence trickster?
   A ‘con man’ or confidence trickster is a person who gains the trust of others to deceive them and take advantage of their gullibility, often for financial gain.

The Tale of Custard the Dragon by OGDEN NASH - Theme - Summary - Q&A Solved - First Flight - Class 10 - NCERT

Table of Contents

• Summary of the Poem
• Themes of the Poem
• Literary Devices Used in the Poem
• Thinking About the Text
• Challenging MCQs to Test Comprehension

Summary of the Poem

The Tale of Custard the Dragon is a humorous ballad that tells the story of Belinda and her brave pets. Belinda lives with a kitten named Ink, a mouse named Blink, a dog named Mustard, and a dragon named Custard. Despite Custard's frightening appearance, with sharp teeth and spikes, he is a coward and often cries for a safe cage. One day, a pirate breaks into their home, and while the other pets flee in fear, Custard bravely fights the pirate and saves the day. Despite his heroism, Custard humbly continues to believe he is the most cowardly among them.

Themes of the Poem

• Courage and Cowardice: The poem contrasts the apparent bravery of Belinda’s other pets with Custard’s perceived cowardice. However, in a moment of crisis, it is Custard who shows true courage.
• Appearances vs. Reality: The poem highlights how appearances can be deceptive, as the seemingly brave characters run away while the 'cowardly' dragon proves to be the real hero.
• Humour and Irony: The poem uses humour and irony to convey its message, with Custard’s actions contradicting his usual behaviour.

Literary Devices Used in the Poem

• Simile: "Clashed his tail like irons in a dungeon" compares the sound of Custard’s tail to clashing irons.
• Repetition: The phrase "realio, trulio" is repeated to emphasize the uniqueness of Custard.
• Alliteration: "Belinda giggled till she shook the house" uses the repetition of the 'g' sound for a rhythmic effect.
• Imagery: Descriptions like "Mouth like a fireplace" create vivid images in the reader’s mind.

Thinking About the Text

Q1. Who are the characters in this poem? List them with their pet names.

A. The characters in the poem are Belinda and her four pets: a kitten named Ink, a mouse named Blink, a dog named Mustard, and a dragon named Custard.

Q2. Why did Custard cry for a nice safe cage? Why is the dragon called a “cowardly dragon”?

A. Custard cried for a nice safe cage because he was scared and wanted to feel protected. He is called a “cowardly dragon” because, despite his fierce appearance, he was afraid and did not show bravery like the other pets.

Q3. “Belinda tickled him, she tickled him unmerciful...” Why?

A. Belinda tickled Custard unmercifully because she, along with the other pets, found it amusing to make fun of Custard’s timid and cowardly nature.

Q4. The poet has employed many poetic devices in the poem. For example: “Clashed his tail like iron in a dungeon” — the poetic device here is a simile. Can you, with your partner, list some more such poetic devices used in the poem?

A. The poem uses several poetic devices. For example, “Mouth like a fireplace” is a simile comparing Custard’s mouth to a fireplace. Alliteration is used in the phrase “Belinda giggled,” where the 'g' sound is repeated. The repetition of “realio, trulio” emphasizes the uniqueness of Custard.

Q5. Read stanza three again to know how the poet describes the appearance of the dragon.

A. In stanza three, the poet describes Custard as having big sharp teeth, spikes on top of him, scales underneath, a mouth like a fireplace, and daggers on his toes.

Q6. Can you find out the rhyme scheme of two or three stanzas of the poem?

A. The poem follows an AABB rhyme scheme. For example, in the first stanza:

• "Belinda lived in a little white house" (A)
• "With a little black kitten and a little grey mouse" (A)
• "And a little yellow dog and a little red wagon" (B)
• "And a realio, trulio, little pet dragon" (B)

Q7. Writers use words to give us a picture or image without actually saying what they mean. Can you trace some images used in the poem?

A. The poem uses vivid images such as Custard’s fierce appearance, the pirate’s entry with pistols, and the cowardly behavior of the other pets when they face danger.

Q8. Do you find The Tale of Custard the Dragon to be a serious or a light-hearted poem? Give reasons to support your answer.

A. The Tale of Custard the Dragon is a light-hearted poem. Although it deals with themes of courage and cowardice, the playful language, humorous situations, and ironic twist make it entertaining and fun rather than serious.

Q9. This poem, in ballad form, tells a story. Have you come across any such modern song or lyric that tells a story? If you know one, tell it to the class. Collect such songs as a project.

A. Modern songs like "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" by Charlie Daniels or "Stan" by Eminem tell stories in a similar way to ballads, where the lyrics narrate a sequence of events or a story.

Challenging MCQs to Test Comprehension of "The Tale of Custard the Dragon"

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Custard as described in the poem?
   a) Sharp teeth
   b) Spikes on top
   c) Scaly skin
   d) Fire-breathing

2. Why does the poet describe Custard's mouth as "like a fireplace"?
   a) To show that Custard breathes fire
   b) To emphasize Custard's warm and gentle nature
   c) To highlight Custard's fierce appearance
   d) To indicate that Custard is always eating

3. What is the significance of the repetition of "realio, trulio" in the poem?
   a) It adds humor to the poem
   b) It creates a serious tone
   c) It emphasizes Custard’s bravery
   d) It makes the poem more rhythmic

4. How do Ink, Blink, and Mustard react when the pirate enters Belinda's house?
   a) They bravely confront the pirate
   b) They hide in fear
   c) They run away
   d) They try to protect Belinda

5. What does the pirate symbolize in the context of the poem?
   a) A real danger that tests the bravery of the characters
   b) An imaginary threat created by Custard
   c) The internal fears of the pets
   d) A symbol of Custard’s cowardice

6. Why does Custard, despite being a dragon, desire a safe cage?
   a) He wants to protect himself from the other pets
   b) He is afraid of the outside world
   c) He is inherently a coward
   d) He wants to sleep peacefully

7. What is the rhyme scheme of the stanza: "Belinda lived in a little white house, With a little black kitten and a little grey mouse, And a little yellow dog and a little red wagon, And a realio, trulio, little pet dragon"?
   a) ABAB
   b) AABB
   c) ABBA
   d) AAAB

8. How does the poet create irony in the poem?
   a) By making the bravest characters act cowardly
   b) By giving Custard a fierce appearance but a timid nature
   c) By showing that Custard, the supposed coward, is the real hero
   d) All of the above

9. What message does the poem convey about appearances and reality?
   a) Appearances are always deceptive
   b) Reality is often different from how it appears
   c) Brave appearances always reflect inner strength
   d) Outer beauty is more important than inner qualities

10. Which literary device is used in the line “Clashed his tail like irons in a dungeon”?
    a) Metaphor
    b) Simile
    c) Alliteration
    d) Personification

11. Which word best describes the tone of the poem?
    a) Serious
    b) Tragic
    c) Humorous
    d) Inspirational

12. What does Belinda’s treatment of Custard throughout the poem suggest about her character?
    a) She is caring and understanding
    b) She is quick to judge and dismissive
    c) She is affectionate but mocking
    d) She is fearful and insecure

13. How does the poem challenge traditional notions of heroism?
    a) By making the smallest characters the bravest
    b) By portraying a dragon as cowardly
    c) By showing that true bravery is revealed in moments of crisis
    d) By glorifying cowardice as a virtue

14. What do the names of the pets (Ink, Blink, Mustard, Custard) suggest about the poem’s tone?
    a) The names add to the poem's light-hearted and whimsical tone
    b) The names create a serious and somber atmosphere
    c) The names are irrelevant to the tone
    d) The names create tension and suspense

15. Which aspect of Custard’s character is highlighted when he fights the pirate?
    a) His cowardice
    b) His hidden bravery
    c) His intelligence
    d) His strength

16. Why does the poem end with Custard still being called a coward, even after he defeated the pirate?
    a) To show that the other characters did not change their opinion
    b) To emphasize Custard’s humility
    c) To maintain the humorous tone of the poem
    d) All of the above

17. What literary device is used in the phrase “Mustard was as brave as a tiger in a rage”?
    a) Metaphor
    b) Simile
    c) Hyperbole
    d) Irony

18. In what way does the poem use exaggeration for comedic effect?
    a) By describing Custard’s appearance in an overly dramatic way
    b) By making the other pets appear braver than they are
    c) By showing Custard as both a coward and a hero
    d) All of the above

19. Which line from the poem best captures the theme of hidden potential?
    a) “Custard the dragon had big sharp teeth”
    b) “He went at the pirate like a robin at a worm”
    c) “But Custard cried for a nice safe cage”
    d) “Belinda giggled till she shook the house”

20. What makes “The Tale of Custard the Dragon” a ballad?
    a) It has a strong rhyme scheme and rhythm
    b) It tells a simple, narrative story with characters
    c) It uses repetition and humor
    d) All of the above

Answer Key:

1. d) Fire-breathing
2. c) To highlight Custard's fierce appearance
3. a) It adds humor to the poem
4. c) They run away
5. a) A real danger that tests the bravery of the characters
6. b) He is afraid of the outside world
7. b) AABB
8. d) All of the above
9. b) Reality is often different from how it appears
10. b) Simile
11. c) Humorous
12. c) She is affectionate but mocking
13. c) By showing that true bravery is revealed in moments of crisis
14. a) The names add to the poem's light-hearted and whimsical tone
15. b) His hidden bravery
16. d) All of the above
17. b) Simile
18. d) All of the above
19. b) “He went at the pirate like a robin at a worm”
20. d) All of the above

 

Madam Rides the Bus by VALLIKKANNAN - Summary - Q&A Solution - NCERT - Class X - First Flight

Table of Contents

1. Summary: Madam Rides the Bus
2. Oral Comprehension Check (Page 97)
3. Oral Comprehension Check (Page 100)
4. Oral Comprehension Check (Page 103)
5. Thinking About the Text
6. MCQs on Madam Rides the Bus

Summary: Madam Rides the Bus

The story "Madam Rides the Bus" is about an eight-year-old girl named Valliammai, who is curious and adventurous. She lives in a small village and is fascinated by the bus that passes through her village every day. Valliammai dreams of taking a ride on the bus and saving money for it.

One day, Valliammai secretly boards the bus and enjoys the journey. She observes everything around her with excitement—the people, the scenery, and the experience of being in a bus. However, during the ride, she also witnesses the harsh realities of life, which make her understand the complexities of the world.

The story highlights the innocence of childhood, the joy of small adventures, and the gradual understanding of life's realities. Valliammai's experience on the bus teaches her valuable lessons, making it a memorable journey in her life.

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 97)

1. What was Valli’s favourite pastime?
   Valli’s favourite pastime was standing in the front doorway of her house and watching what was happening in the street outside.

2. What was a source of unending joy for Valli? What was her strongest desire?
   The bus that passed through her village was a source of unending joy for Valli. Her strongest desire was to take a ride on that bus.

3. What did Valli find out about the bus journey? How did she find out these details?
   Valli found out that the bus journey from her village to the nearest town took about 45 minutes one way, and the fare was thirty paise. She found out these details by listening carefully to conversations between those who regularly took the bus.

4. What do you think Valli was planning to do?
   Valli was planning to take a ride on the bus all by herself without letting anyone know.

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 100)

1. Why does the conductor call Valli ‘madam’?
   The conductor calls Valli "madam" playfully because she behaves in a very mature and serious manner, like an adult, even though she is just a little girl.

2. Why does Valli stand up on the seat? What does she see now?
   Valli stands up on the seat to get a better view of the scenery outside the bus. She sees fields, palm trees, distant mountains, and the blue sky.

3. What does Valli tell the elderly man when he calls her a child?
   Valli tells the elderly man that there is nobody in the bus who is a child, implying that she is mature and grown-up.

4. Why didn’t Valli want to make friends with the elderly woman?
   Valli didn’t want to make friends with the elderly woman because she found her uninteresting and unattractive, especially because the woman had big holes in her earlobes and was chewing betel nut.

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 103)

1. How did Valli save up money for her first journey? Was it easy for her?
   Valli saved up money by resisting the temptation to buy things like toys, balloons, and peppermints, and by not going on the merry-go-round at the village fair. It was not easy for her because she had to make many small sacrifices.

2. What did Valli see on her way that made her laugh?
   Valli saw a young cow running very fast right in the middle of the road in front of the bus, which made her laugh.

3. Why didn’t she get off the bus at the bus station?
   Valli didn’t get off the bus at the bus station because she was afraid of losing her way and she didn’t have money to take another bus back home.

4. Why didn’t Valli want to go to the stall and have a drink? What does this tell you about her?
   Valli didn’t want to go to the stall and have a drink because she didn’t want to waste her money. This tells us that she was careful and determined in saving her money.

Thinking About the Text

1. What was Valli’s deepest desire? Find the words and phrases in the story that tell you this.
   Valli’s deepest desire was to take a ride on the bus. The phrases that tell us this include "overwhelming desire," "intense desire," and "strongest desire."

2. How did Valli plan her bus ride? What did she find out about the bus, and how did she save up the fare?
   Valli planned her bus ride by carefully gathering information about the bus’s timing and fare by listening to the passengers and asking discreet questions. She found out that the fare was thirty paise one way, and she saved up the money by cutting down on her expenses.

3. What kind of a person is Valli?
   (i) “Stop the bus! Stop the bus!” And a tiny hand was raised commandingly.
   (ii) “Yes, I simply have to go to town,” said Valli, still standing outside the bus.
   (iii) “There’s nobody here who is a child,” she said haughtily. “I’ve paid my thirty paise like everyone else.”
   (iv) “Never mind,” she said, “I can get on by myself. You don’t have to help me. I’m not a child, I tell you,” she said, stamping her foot.
   (v) “You needn’t bother about me. I can take care of myself,” Valli said, turning her face toward the window and staring out.
   (vi) Then she turned to the conductor and said, “Well, sir, I hope it will be the same time tomorrow.”

4. Why does the conductor refer to Valli as ‘madam’?
   The conductor refers to Valli as ‘madam’ because she behaves in a grown-up and self-assured manner, like a mature lady.

5. Find the lines in the text which tell you that Valli was enjoying her ride on the bus.
   Lines that show Valli enjoying her ride include: "Oh, it was all so wonderful!" and "Valli devoured everything with her eyes."

6. Why does Valli refuse to look out of the window on her way back?
   Valli refuses to look out of the window on her way back because she is deeply saddened by the sight of a cow lying dead on the road, which she had seen alive and happy earlier.

7. What does Valli mean when she says, “I was just agreeing with what you said about things happening without our knowledge.”
   Valli means that she now understands that life is unpredictable, and unexpected things can happen without our control or knowledge.

8. The author describes the things that Valli sees from an eight-year-old’s point of view. Can you find evidence from the text for this statement?
   The description of the cow running in the middle of the road and Valli’s reaction to it ("utterly childish way of making the noise of a running engine") shows that the author is presenting the story from an eight-year-old’s point of view.
   
   

MCQs on Madam Rides the Bus

20 challenging multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to test comprehension of the story "Madam Rides the Bus":

1. What was the main reason Valli was fascinated by the bus?

   - A) The bus was brightly coloured.

   - B) It symbolized adventure and freedom.

   - C) It carried important people.

   - D) It made a lot of noise.

2. How did Valli initially gather information about the bus journey?

   - A) By asking her mother.

   - B) By secretly listening to the bus driver.

   - C) By eavesdropping on conversations.

   - D) By following the bus on foot.

3. What was the cost of a one-way ticket on the bus?

   - A) Twenty paise

   - B) Thirty paise

   - C) Fifty paise

   - D) One rupee

4. How long did it take for the bus to reach the town from Valli’s village?

   - A) 30 minutes

   - B) 45 minutes

   - C) 1 hour

   - D) 1 hour 30 minutes

5. Which of the following best describes Valli's personality?

   - A) Timid and shy

   - B) Curious and determined

   - C) Disobedient and rebellious

   - D) Carefree and irresponsible

6. What did Valli do to save money for her bus ride?

   - A) She asked her parents for extra pocket money.

   - B) She started selling flowers.

   - C) She avoided buying toys and treats.

   - D) She took on small jobs around the village.

7. What did Valli find the most enjoyable during her bus ride?

   - A) The view of the mountains

   - B) The lively conversation with the conductor

   - C) Watching the scenery outside

   - D) The comfort of the bus seat

8. Why did Valli refuse the offer of a cold drink at the town?

   - A) She didn’t like cold drinks.

   - B) She was too shy to accept the offer.

   - C) She didn’t want to spend her money.

   - D) She was in a hurry to return home.

9. Which event during the bus ride made Valli laugh out loud?

   - A) The bus nearly hitting a tree.

   - B) The conductor’s joke.

   - C) A cow running in front of the bus.

   - D) A child crying for a toy.

10. How did Valli feel when she saw the dead cow on the road?

    - A) Indifferent

    - B) Horrified and saddened

    - C) Angry

    - D) Curious

11. Why didn’t Valli tell anyone about her bus ride plan?

    - A) She was afraid they would not allow her.

    - B) She wanted to surprise her family.

    - C) She thought they wouldn’t be interested.

    - D) She was unsure if she could carry out her plan.

12. What does the term ‘madam’ used by the conductor signify in Valli’s case?

    - A) Respect for her age.

    - B) Sarcasm for her serious demeanour.

    - C) A mistake about her identity.

    - D) Genuine politeness.

13. What was Valli’s reaction when the elderly woman tried to talk to her on the bus?

    - A) She politely ignored her.

    - B) She eagerly engaged in conversation.

    - C) She found her uninteresting and unattractive.

    - D) She asked the woman to be quiet.

14. What lesson does Valli learn from her bus journey?

    - A) Life is full of surprises and not always as joyful as it seems.

    - B) Money can’t buy happiness.

    - C) It’s better to stay home than to travel.

    - D) Adults always know what’s best.

15. What did Valli see as a major downside of her bus journey?

    - A) The crowded bus.

    - B) The uncomfortable seats.

    - C) The sight of the dead cow.

    - D) The high fare of the bus ride.

16. What does the sight of the dead cow represent in the story?

    - A) The cruelty of nature.

    - B) The harsh realities of life.

    - C) The dangers of traveling.

    - D) The consequences of carelessness.

17. How did Valli manage to return home safely?

    - A) She had her return ticket ready.

    - B) She asked the conductor for help.

    - C) She trusted a stranger to guide her.

    - D) She relied on her memory of the journey.

18. What was Valli’s mood when she returned home?

    - A) Excited and happy

    - B) Disappointed and sad

    - C) Reflective and mature

    - D) Angry and frustrated

19. What does Valli’s character teach us about childhood?

    - A) Childhood is carefree and irresponsible.

    - B) Children are incapable of making plans.

    - C) Childhood is full of curiosity and discovery.

    - D) Children are always obedient and dependent on adults.

20. Which theme is most prominent in "Madam Rides the Bus"?

    - A) The importance of education.

    - B) The innocence and curiosity of childhood.

    - C) The value of money.

    - D) The dangers of travelling alone.

Answer Key

1. B  

2. C  

3. B  

4. B  

5. B  

6. C  

7. C  

8. C  

9. C  

10. B  

11. A  

12. B  

13. C  

14. A  

15. C  

16. B  

17. A  

18. C  

19. C  

20. B

Mijbil the Otter by Gavin Maxwell - Class 10 - NCERT - Q&A Solved

Table of Contents

1. Oral Comprehension Check (page 106)
2. Oral Comprehension Check (page 108)
3. Oral Comprehension Check (Page 110)
4. Thinking About the Text
5. 20 Multiple Choice Questions on 'Mijbil the Otter'

Summary of "Mijbil the Otter"

In "Mijbil the Otter," the narrator, Gavin Maxwell, describes his experiences with an otter named Mijbil. The story begins with Maxwell receiving Mijbil as a pet from a friend. Maxwell quickly bonds with the otter, who exhibits a playful and curious nature. Mijbil becomes an integral part of Maxwell's life, adapting to his new home and surroundings with enthusiasm.

Maxwell recounts the challenges and joys of raising Mijbil, highlighting the otter's unique behaviours and intelligence. Mijbil's antics, such as his fascination with water and his ability to open taps, bring both amusement and occasional trouble. Despite these challenges, Maxwell's affection for Mijbil grows stronger, and he learns to appreciate the otter's distinct personality.

The story emphasizes the bond between humans and animals, showcasing the mutual companionship and understanding that can develop. Through his narrative, Maxwell conveys the importance of patience, empathy, and respect in nurturing such relationships. "Mijbil the Otter" ultimately celebrates the joy and fulfilment that come from sharing one's life with a beloved animal companion.

Oral Comprehension Check (page 106)

1. What ‘experiment’ did Maxwell think Camusfearna would be suitable for?

   • Maxwell thought Camusfearna would be suitable for keeping an otter as a pet. He wanted to see if an otter could adapt to living in that environment.

2. Why does he go to Basra? How long does he wait there, and why?

   • Maxwell goes to Basra to collect and bring back an otter. He waits there for five days because of the delay in obtaining the otter and the necessary travel arrangements.

3. How does he get the otter? Does he like it? Pick out the words that tell you this.

   • Maxwell receives the otter from a local who brings it to him. He likes the otter immediately. Words like "thrilled" and "fascinated" show his affection for the otter.

4. Why was the otter named ‘Maxwell’s otter’?

   • The otter was named ‘Maxwell’s otter’ because it was uncommon and Maxwell had introduced this particular otter to people.

5. Tick the right answer. In the beginning, the otter was:

   • • aloof and indifferent
   • • friendly
   • • hostile

6. What happened when Maxwell took Mijbil to the bathroom? What did it do two days after that?

   • When Maxwell took Mijbil to the bathroom, the otter enjoyed playing with water and splashed around. Two days later, it learned how to turn on the tap on its own.

Oral Comprehension Check (page 108)

1. How was Mij to be transported to England?

   • Mij was to be transported to England in a box.

2. What did Mij do to the box?

   • Mij chewed through the box and made holes in it.

3. Why did Maxwell put the otter back in the box? How do you think he felt when he did this?

   • Maxwell put the otter back in the box to keep it safe and prevent it from running away. He likely felt worried and anxious about Mij’s safety and comfort.

4. Why does Maxwell say the airhostess was “the very queen of her kind”?

   • Maxwell says this because the airhostess was extremely kind and helpful when she saw Mij and allowed Maxwell to keep him out of the box.

5. What happened when the box was opened?

   • When the box was opened, Mij leaped out and caused a commotion by running around the plane.

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 110)

1. What game had Mij invented?

   • Mij invented a game of juggling small objects like marbles and ping-pong balls with his paws.

2. What are ‘compulsive habits’? What does Maxwell say are the compulsive habits of:

   • (i) school children
     • School children have a compulsive habit of having a snack during breaks.
   • (ii) Mij?
     • Mij had a compulsive habit of playing with water and small objects.

3. What group of animals do otters belong to?

   • Otters belong to the group of animals called mustelids, which also includes weasels, badgers, and minks.

4. What guesses did the Londoners make about what Mij was?

   • Londoners guessed that Mij was a baby seal, a squirrel, a hippo, a beaver, or even a bear cub.

Thinking About the Text

1. What things does Mij do which tell you that he is an intelligent, friendly, and fun-loving animal who needs love?

   • Mij enjoys playing with water, invents games, and shows affection by nuzzling Maxwell. These behaviors indicate his intelligence, friendliness, and love for fun.

2. What are some of the things we come to know about otters from this text?

   • Otters are playful, intelligent, and curious animals. They have a fascination with water and are skilled swimmers. They belong to the mustelid family.

3. Why is Mij’s species now known to the world as Maxwell’s otter?

   • Mij’s species is known as Maxwell’s otter because Maxwell introduced it to the world through his writings and experiences.

4. Maxwell in the story speaks for the otter, Mij. He tells us what the otter feels and thinks on different occasions. Given below are some things Mij does. Complete the following sentences, imagining that you are Mij. He would say:

   (i) I reached the terminal building ________________________.
   (ii) The hurly-burly of the flight ________________________.
   (iii) I felt my travel box ________________________.

• (i) I reached the terminal building and felt excited and curious about the new place.
• (ii) The hurly-burly of the flight made me a bit anxious, but I soon calmed down.
• (iii) I felt my travel box was too confining and wanted to explore outside.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Where did the narrator first encounter Mijbil the Otter?

   • a) In a zoo
   • b) At a pet store
   • c) In the marshes
   • d) In a friend's house

2. What was the initial reaction of Mijbil when he was brought to the narrator's home?

   • a) Fearful and aggressive
   • b) Curious and playful
   • c) Shy and withdrawn
   • d) Excited and energetic

3. How did Mijbil react to the presence of water?

   • a) He avoided it completely.
   • b) He was indifferent to it.
   • c) He loved playing in it.
   • d) He was scared of it.

4. What was the main reason the narrator decided to keep an otter as a pet?

   • a) He had always wanted an otter.
   • b) His dog had recently died.
   • c) He was given the otter as a gift.
   • d) He found the otter abandoned.

5. What challenges did the narrator face while transporting Mijbil?

   • a) Mijbil was noisy and disruptive.
   • b) Mijbil escaped several times.
   • c) Mijbil was sick during the journey.
   • d) Mijbil was calm and well-behaved.

6. How did Mijbil's behaviour change once he settled into the narrator's home?

   • a) He became more playful and less fearful.
   • b) He became more aggressive and territorial.
   • c) He remained shy and fearful.
   • d) He showed no change in behaviour.

7. What unique characteristic did Mijbil display that fascinated the narrator?

   • a) His ability to mimic sounds
   • b) His love for shiny objects
   • c) His skill in opening locks
   • d) His talent for swimming underwater

8. How did the narrator describe Mijbil's intelligence?

   • a) Comparable to that of a dog
   • b) Greater than that of a cat
   • c) Equal to that of a human child
   • d) Less than that of other common pets

9. What incident caused Mijbil to become frightened during the journey?

   • a) A loud noise
   • b) A strange animal
   • c) A sudden movement
   • d) A change in temperature

10. What did Mijbil do when he was first introduced to water in the narrator's bathroom?

    • a) He swam around happily.
    • b) He tried to escape.
    • c) He played with the water.
    • d) He ignored the water.

11. How did the narrator manage to keep Mijbil entertained during the journey?

    • a) By giving him toys
    • b) By playing with him
    • c) By feeding him frequently
    • d) By letting him explore

12. What was the reaction of people when they saw Mijbil with the narrator?

    • a) They were scared.
    • b) They were curious.
    • c) They were indifferent.
    • d) They were hostile.

13. How did Mijbil respond to the new environment when they reached London?

    • a) He was frightened and tried to escape.
    • b) He adapted quickly and became playful.
    • c) He remained indifferent to the surroundings.
    • d) He showed signs of illness.

14. What was one of Mijbil's favourite activities?

    • a) Playing with other animals
    • b) Swimming in water
    • c) Running around the house
    • d) Sleeping in the sun

15. What did the narrator use to transport Mijbil during their travels?

    • a) A sturdy box
    • b) A pet carrier
    • c) A specially designed bag
    • d) A makeshift cage

16. How did Mijbil react to strangers?

    • a) He was aggressive towards them.
    • b) He ignored them completely.
    • c) He was curious and approached them.
    • d) He was fearful and hid from them.

17. What lesson did the narrator learn from keeping Mijbil as a pet?

    • a) Patience and understanding are crucial.
    • b) Wild animals should not be kept as pets.
    • c) Otters are difficult to take care of.
    • d) Pets can significantly improve one's life.

18. Which of the following best describes the bond between Mijbil and the narrator?

    • a) Formal and distant
    • b) Professional and business-like
    • c) Deep and affectionate
    • d) Casual and indifferent

19. What challenge did Mijbil face while adapting to life in the city?

    • a) Finding suitable food
    • b) Navigating the urban environment
    • c) Interacting with other pets
    • d) Coping with the noise

20. How did Mijbil's presence impact the narrator's daily routine?

• a) It became more structured.
• b) It became more chaotic.
• c) It remained unchanged.
• d) It became more relaxed.

Answer Key

1. c
2. a
3. c
4. b
5. a
6. a
7. c
8. c
9. a
10. c
11. a
12. b
13. b
14. b
15. a
16. c
17. a
18. c
19. d
20. b