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The Wild Swans at Coole — Complete Guide (NCERT Solution | Class 12 Elective English | Kaleidoscope)
Table of Contents
- Post Excerpt
- Quick Facts about the Poem & Poet
- Summary of “The Wild Swans at Coole” by W. B. Yeats
- Theme of “The Wild Swans at Coole” by W. B. Yeats
- Stanza-wise Explanation (Simple Notes)
- Line-by-line Explanation (Easy Gloss)
- Word Meaning (Table)
- Literary & Poetic Devices
- Form, Rhyme Scheme & Tone
- Imagery, Symbolism & Motifs
- Questions and Answers (NCERT-style)
- Extract Based MCQs (5 Sets)
- Important Questions with Answers
- Exam Tips & How to Answer
- Vocabulary Boost & Usage
- Practice Set (Short & Very Short)
- Answer Frames & Templates
- Quick Recap (One-page Notes)
- FAQs for Class 12 Poetry (Kaleidoscope)
- About the Poet & References
Post Excerpt
The Wild Swans at Coole by W. B. Yeats is a prescribed poem in Kaleidoscope, Class 12 Elective English. It is part of the NCERT syllabus and is often asked in exams. This post provides a complete NCERT Solution including summary, explanation, theme, stanza-wise notes, and exam-style questions with answers. Students preparing for Class 12 Poetry will find it useful for revision and practice. The focus is to explain the poem in simple words so that even difficult ideas about ageing, love, and change can be understood easily. Along with line-by-line explanation, you will also get word meanings, extract-based MCQs, and important questions that are likely to come in the examination. This will help you prepare well and score better in Class 12 Elective English.
Quick Facts about the Poem & Poet
- Poem: The Wild Swans at Coole
- Poet: William Butler Yeats (1865–1939)
- Year of Publication: 1919
- Collection: The Wild Swans at Coole
- Setting: Coole Park, Ireland
- Main Idea: Yeats contrasts his own ageing and sadness with the beauty and timeless energy of the swans.
- Exam Weightage: Important for Class 12 Elective English, both short and long answer questions are often set from this poem.
Summary of “The Wild Swans at Coole” by W. B. Yeats
The poem The Wild Swans at Coole by W. B. Yeats captures the poet’s feelings of change and loss as he observes swans at Coole Park. It is autumn, and the trees and sky reflect the calm of nature. The poet counts fifty-nine swans, the same birds he had first seen nineteen years earlier. At that time, they flew suddenly into the air, full of energy and freedom. The poet feels sad because his own life has changed since then. He has grown older, and his heart feels heavy. But the swans remain strong, youthful, and full of passion. They stay in pairs, unwearied, whether on water or in the sky. Yeats admires their beauty and constancy, but also fears the day when he may wake up to find them gone. The poem reflects on human ageing and change, set against the timeless beauty and freedom of nature.
Theme of “The Wild Swans at Coole” by W. B. Yeats
The main theme of The Wild Swans at Coole by W. B. Yeats is the contrast between human life and the timeless beauty of nature. Yeats shows how people grow old, face change, and lose energy, while the swans remain youthful, strong, and full of passion. The poem speaks about ageing, loss, and sadness, but also highlights constancy, companionship, and beauty. The swans stand as a symbol of love, freedom, and eternal spirit. Yeats feels the pain of change in his own life, but he also admires the swans for their unchanging strength and their power to inspire delight. Thus, the poem deals with human weakness on one side and the everlasting charm of nature on the other.
Stanza-wise Explanation (Simple Notes)
Stanza 1
The poet describes the scene of Coole Park in autumn. The trees are colourful, the paths are dry, and the calm water reflects the twilight sky. On the water, the poet sees fifty-nine swans resting together.
Stanza 2
Yeats recalls that it has been nineteen years since he first counted these swans. Back then, as soon as he saw them, they suddenly rose into the sky, flying in wide circles with noisy wings. This memory shows their energy and freedom.
Stanza 3
The poet says he has always admired these beautiful creatures, but now he feels sorrow. Time has changed him since the first time he heard their wings at twilight. In those days, he was younger and happier.
Stanza 4
The swans, however, remain unchanged. They are still full of life. Moving in pairs, they swim in the cold water or fly in the air. They do not grow old and are always guided by passion and energy.
Stanza 5
The poet reflects that the swans now float peacefully on the water, looking mysterious and beautiful. He wonders where they will go next to build nests or bring joy to new people. He fears waking up one day to find that they have flown away.
Line-by-line Explanation (Easy Gloss)
Stanza 1
The trees are in their autumn beauty, – The poet notices the trees filled with autumn colours.
The woodland paths are dry, – The forest paths are dry as the season has changed.
Under the October twilight the water / Mirrors a still sky; – The calm water reflects the quiet evening sky of October.
Upon the brimming water among the stones / Are nine-and-fifty swans. – On the full water near stones, the poet counts fifty-nine swans.
Stanza 2
The nineteenth autumn has come upon me / Since I first made my count; – It has been nineteen years since the poet first counted the swans.
I saw, before I had well finished, / All suddenly mount – Before he could finish counting, the swans rose into the air.
And scatter wheeling in great broken rings / Upon their clamorous wings. – They flew around in large circles, making loud sounds with their wings.
Stanza 3
I have looked upon those brilliant creatures, / And now my heart is sore. – The poet admired the swans, but now he feels pain and sadness.
All’s changed since I, hearing at twilight, / The first time on this shore, – Everything has changed since the first time he heard their wings at this place.
The bell-beat of their wings above my head, / Trod with a lighter tread. – Back then, hearing their wingbeats made him feel young and cheerful.
Stanza 4
Unwearied still, lover by lover, / They paddle in the cold – The swans are still tireless and swim in pairs in the cold water.
Companionable streams or climb the air; – They move together in streams or rise into the sky.
Their hearts have not grown old; – They remain full of youth and energy.
Passion or conquest, wander where they will, / Attend upon them still. – Wherever they go, they carry passion, love, and the spirit of adventure.
Stanza 5
But now they drift on the still water, / Mysterious, beautiful; – At present, they float calmly, looking beautiful and mysterious.
Among what rushes will they build, / By what lake’s edge or pool – The poet wonders where they will settle next, by which lake or stream.
Delight men’s eyes when I awake some day / To find they have flown away? – He fears that one day he will wake up to find the swans gone, bringing joy to other people elsewhere.
Word Meaning (Table)
Word / Phrase | Meaning (Simple) |
---|---|
autumn beauty | lovely colours and look of trees in autumn |
woodland | area covered with trees; a small forest |
twilight | soft light after sunset or before sunrise |
mirrors | reflects like a mirror |
brimming | full to the top |
nine-and-fifty | fifty-nine (59) |
mount (verb) | rise up; take off into the air |
scatter | move apart in many directions |
wheeling | flying or turning in circles |
(broken) rings | not perfect circles; shifting loops in the sky |
clamorous | loud; noisy |
brilliant creatures | very bright and beautiful birds |
sore (heart is sore) | painful; full of sadness |
bell-beat (of wings) | steady, ringing rhythm like a bell |
trod | walked |
lighter tread | walked with a light, happy step |
unwearied | not tired; full of energy |
lover by lover | in pairs like mates |
paddle | move the feet in water to swim |
companionable | friendly; easy to be with |
climb the air | rise high while flying |
hearts have not grown old | spirit is still young |
passion | strong feeling of love or desire |
conquest | winning; victory; triumph |
wander | move about without a fixed path |
attend upon | follow; go with |
drift | float slowly with the water |
rushes | tall grass-like plants near water |
pool | small body of still water |
delight | great joy or pleasure |
flown away | gone by flying; left the place |
Literary & Poetic Devices in The Wild Swans at Coole
W. B. Yeats uses many poetic devices in this poem. These devices give rhythm, beauty, and deeper meaning to his words. Here are the main ones:
1. Imagery
The poem is full of visual pictures such as “trees are in their autumn beauty”, “October twilight”, and “nine-and-fifty swans”. These images help us see and feel the scene at Coole Park.
2. Symbolism
The swans symbolise youth, love, passion, and eternity. They stand for all that is strong and unchanged, unlike human life which ages and weakens.
3. Alliteration
The sound of letters is repeated to create music, for example, “bell-beat of their wings” and “brimming water among the stones”.
4. Repetition
The word “still” is repeated to show the calmness of water and the unchanging nature of the swans.
5. Personification
Human qualities are given to the swans. Their “hearts have not grown old” and they are described as being “unwearied” and “lover by lover”.
6. Metaphor
The “bell-beat of their wings” compares the steady rhythm of wings to the ringing of a bell, without using “like” or “as”.
7. Contrast
A strong contrast is drawn between the poet’s ageing life and the ageless beauty of the swans. This deepens the sorrowful tone of the poem.
8. Tone
The tone shifts from admiration to sadness. At first, the poet praises the swans, but later he expresses his fear of loss and loneliness.
9. Rhyme Scheme
The poem follows a regular rhyme scheme of ababcc in each stanza. This gives balance and order to the verses.
Form, Rhyme Scheme & Tone of The Wild Swans at Coole
Form
The poem is written in five stanzas, each having six lines. This type of stanza is called a sexain. Yeats uses a simple and balanced structure. The form allows him to move from description of nature to personal reflection.
Rhyme Scheme
Each stanza follows the rhyme scheme ababcc. The first and third lines rhyme, the second and fourth rhyme, and the last two lines form a rhyming couplet. This gives the poem a steady rhythm and a musical flow.
Tone
The tone is calm, reflective, and sorrowful. At first, the poet admires the beauty of autumn and the swans. Soon the tone turns wistful and sad as he feels the changes brought by age and the passing of time. The contrast between the unchanging swans and his own ageing life adds a touch of melancholy.
Imagery, Symbolism & Motifs in The Wild Swans at Coole
Imagery
Yeats uses strong pictures to bring the scene alive. The autumn trees, October twilight, and still sky give us a clear sense of season and mood. The swans flying in “great broken rings” and the sound of the “bell-beat of their wings” create visual and auditory images. These images make the poem rich and memorable.
Symbolism
The swans are a central symbol. They stand for youth, love, passion, and eternity. While human life changes with age and loss, the swans remain constant and full of energy. The autumn season symbolises decline and ageing, contrasting with the vitality of the swans. The still water reflects both peace and the silence of time passing.
Motifs
The repeated ideas or motifs in the poem include time, ageing, love, and change. The poet’s nineteen-year gap since first seeing the swans shows the passing of time. His sadness at growing old contrasts with the ageless swans. The motif of pairs of swans highlights companionship and lasting love. Another motif is the fear of loss — the worry that one day the swans will fly away forever.
Questions and Answers (NCERT-style)
Understanding the Poem
Q1. How do the ‘trees in their autumn beauty’, ‘dry woodland paths’, ‘October twilight’, ‘still sky’ connect to the poet’s own life?
These images of autumn reflect decline and fading life. They connect to the poet’s own ageing and sense of loss. Just as nature moves into autumn, Yeats feels he has entered the later stage of his life.
Q2. What do ‘the light tread’ and ‘the sore heart’ refer to?
‘The light tread’ refers to the poet’s youthful days when he was carefree and joyful. ‘The sore heart’ refers to his present state of sadness and pain as he feels the burden of age and change.
Q3. What is the contrast between the liveliness of the swans and human life?
The swans remain young, tireless, and full of passion, while human life grows weak, old, and sorrowful with time. Yeats shows how the swans stay the same, but humans cannot escape change and ageing.
Q4. What contributes to the beauty and mystery of the swans’ lives?
The swans live in pairs, move gracefully on water, and rise freely into the air. Their constancy, strength, and freedom make them mysterious and beautiful, unlike the fragile human life bound by time.
Extract Based MCQs (5 Sets)
Extract Based MCQs
Set 1
“The trees are in their autumn beauty, The woodland paths are dry, Under the October twilight the water Mirrors a still sky.”
- Which season is described in the lines?
a) Summer
b) Autumn
c) Winter
d) Spring - What does the “still sky” reflect?
a) The poet’s joy
b) The poet’s calm mood
c) The water’s calmness
d) The swans’ movement - The tone in these lines is—
a) Energetic
b) Sad
c) Peaceful
d) Angry
Answer Key: 1-b, 2-c, 3-c
Set 2
“Upon the brimming water among the stones Are nine-and-fifty swans.”
- How many swans does the poet count?
a) 59
b) 60
c) 49
d) 50 - Where are the swans seen?
a) In the air
b) On the still water
c) On dry paths
d) Near the twilight sky - The word “brimming” suggests—
a) Fullness
b) Emptiness
c) Shallow water
d) Movement
Answer Key: 1-a, 2-b, 3-a
Set 3
“All’s changed since I, hearing at twilight, The first time on this shore, The bell-beat of their wings above my head, Trod with a lighter tread.”
- What has changed according to the poet?
a) His love for nature
b) His feelings and life
c) The number of swans
d) The lake itself - What does “lighter tread” mean?
a) Weak steps
b) Joyful and carefree walk
c) Strong steps
d) Fearful walk - The phrase “bell-beat of their wings” is an example of—
a) Metaphor
b) Simile
c) Personification
d) Alliteration
Answer Key: 1-b, 2-b, 3-a
Set 4
“Unwearied still, lover by lover, They paddle in the cold Companionable streams or climb the air; Their hearts have not grown old.”
- What does “unwearied” suggest about the swans?
a) They are tired
b) They remain energetic
c) They are weak
d) They are resting - How do the swans move?
a) Alone
b) In pairs
c) In groups of three
d) Without order - What quality of the swans is highlighted in “their hearts have not grown old”?
a) Constancy
b) Weakness
c) Change
d) Silence
Answer Key: 1-b, 2-b, 3-a
Set 5
“Delight men’s eyes when I awake some day To find they have flown away?”
- What does the poet fear here?
a) He will not see swans again
b) The swans will live forever
c) He will forget the lake
d) The lake will dry up - What do the swans bring to others?
a) Fear
b) Delight
c) Anger
d) Sadness - The tone in these lines is—
a) Hopeful
b) Doubtful
c) Fearful and sad
d) Playful
Answer Key: 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
Important Questions with Answers
Short Answer Questions (30–40 words)
Q1. Why does Yeats feel sorrow when he sees the swans?
Yeats feels sorrow because he has grown old and changed, while the swans remain youthful, full of passion, and unchanged. Their permanence reminds him of his own ageing and the loss of joy in his life.
Q2. How does Yeats contrast the swans with human life?
Swans are tireless, constant, and full of love and energy. Human life, on the other hand, changes with time, age, and loss. This contrast brings out the sadness Yeats feels about human weakness.
Q3. Why does the poet fear waking up one day to find the swans gone?
For Yeats, the swans symbolise beauty, love, and constancy. If they disappear, he will lose the last source of joy and stability in his life. His fear shows his deep sense of emptiness.
Long Answer Questions (120–150 words)
Q4. Discuss the use of imagery in “The Wild Swans at Coole”.
Yeats paints the scene with rich visual and sound images. He describes the autumn trees, dry woodland paths, and still sky, creating a quiet, reflective mood. The swans are shown through the image of “great broken rings” as they fly and the “bell-beat of their wings” as they rise. These images contrast the calm setting with the energy of the swans. The imagery not only brings the scene alive but also reflects the poet’s emotions—his sorrow, nostalgia, and awe. It helps readers see the contrast between the changing human life and the unchanging swans.
Q5. How does the poem reflect Yeats’s personal concerns?
The poem reflects Yeats’s struggle with ageing, loss, and the search for permanence. The nineteen years since he first saw the swans remind him of how time has changed him. He is no longer youthful or carefree, but full of sorrow and weariness. The swans, however, remain unchanged—strong, passionate, and graceful. Yeats’s fear of their disappearance reflects his fear of losing beauty and joy forever. Thus, the poem mirrors his personal longing for constancy in a world of change.
Value-based Question
Q6. What lesson about life can young readers learn from “The Wild Swans at Coole”?
The poem teaches that human life is bound by time and change, but beauty and love can be lasting. It reminds readers to cherish moments of joy and value the constancy of nature. It also suggests that youth and passion can be an inspiration even when life becomes difficult.
Exam Tips & How to Answer
1. Use of Keywords
Always include important keywords in your answers such as: autumn, twilight, sore heart, unwearied swans, passion, constancy, ageing, change. These words show that you understand the poem and its central ideas.
2. Quoting Lines
Support your answers with short quotes from the text. For example: • To show Yeats’s sadness, you can quote “my heart is sore.” • To explain the energy of swans, use “unwearied still, lover by lover.” Do not write long lines. Use only a few words and fit them into your own sentence.
3. Time Planning
- Reading time: Spend 2–3 minutes reading the question carefully.
- Short answers: Keep them 25–40 words. Spend 3–4 minutes on each.
- Long answers: Write 120–150 words. Use 7–9 minutes for each. Begin with an introduction, explain with examples, and close with a clear conclusion.
- Revision: Save 5 minutes at the end to read and correct mistakes.
4. Structuring Answers
• Begin with a clear point. • Explain using simple language. • Add a short quote for support. • End with a link to the theme of the poem. This method keeps your answer neat and examiners find it easy to mark.
5. Common Pitfalls
- Do not memorise answers blindly. Focus on ideas and key points.
- Avoid writing long quotes. Only use short phrases.
- Do not skip the conclusion in long answers.
- Avoid vague words like “nice”, “good”, “bad”. Use exact terms like “imagery”, “symbol”, “tone”.
Vocabulary Boost & Usage
Here are some useful words from The Wild Swans at Coole with simple sample sentences to help you in exams and writing tasks.
Word | Meaning | Sample Sentence |
---|---|---|
Autumn | Season between summer and winter | The trees turn golden in autumn. |
Twilight | Soft light just before night | We went for a walk in the twilight. |
Clamorous | Loud and noisy | The clamorous crowd cheered the players. |
Unwearied | Not tired | She remained unwearied even after a long walk. |
Companionable | Friendly and sociable | He enjoyed the companionable company of his classmates. |
Conquest | The act of winning or gaining | The king celebrated his conquest of new lands. |
Passion | Strong emotion or love | She spoke about the project with great passion. |
Mystery | Something difficult to explain | The old house was full of mystery. |
Delight | Great pleasure or joy | The children screamed in delight when the gifts arrived. |
Sore | Painful or aching | His sore leg made it hard to walk. |
Constancy | Quality of being unchanging | The constancy of the stars comforts many poets. |
Practice Set (Short & Very Short)
Very Short Answer Questions (1 mark each)
- How many swans does the poet see at Coole Park?
- What season is described at the beginning of the poem?
- How long has it been since Yeats first counted the swans?
- Which sound does Yeats compare to a “bell-beat”?
- What fear does the poet express at the end of the poem?
Short Answer Questions (2–3 marks each)
- What is the mood of the poet in the opening stanza? Support your answer with one image.
- Why does Yeats feel his heart has grown sore while the swans remain unwearied?
- How does Yeats present the swans as symbols of love and companionship?
- Explain how nature adds to the beauty and mystery of the swans’ presence.
- What contrast does Yeats draw between the constancy of the swans and the changes in human life?
Answer Frames & Templates
These frames will help you shape answers in exams. Fill in the blanks with details from the poem.
1. Theme-based Answer Frame
The main theme of the poem “The Wild Swans at Coole” is ___________. Yeats shows that while human life ___________, the swans remain ___________. The poet uses the image of ___________ to express his feelings of ___________. Thus, the theme reflects ___________.
2. Imagery-based Answer Frame
Yeats makes use of striking imagery in the poem. For example, he describes ___________ which creates a picture of ___________. Another image is ___________ that symbolises ___________. These images help readers feel ___________ and highlight the contrast between ___________.
3. Symbolism-based Answer Frame
In the poem, the swans symbolise ___________. Their constancy represents ___________, while their passion shows ___________. Yeats contrasts this symbol with ___________ to underline ___________. Thus, symbolism strengthens the central message of the poem.
4. Poetic Device-based Answer Frame
Yeats uses the device of ___________ in the line “___________”. This device helps to ___________. Another device is ___________ in “___________”, which adds ___________. Together, these poetic devices make the poem more ___________ and effective.
5. Value-based Answer Frame
The poem teaches us the value of ___________. Through the swans, Yeats conveys that ___________, whereas human life ___________. The reader learns that even in times of ___________, one can find inspiration in ___________.
Quick Recap (One-page Notes)
- Poem: The Wild Swans at Coole by W. B. Yeats
- Setting: Coole Park, Ireland, in autumn at twilight
- Swans: 59 swans (nine-and-fifty)
- Time Gap: Nineteen years since Yeats first saw the swans
- Poet’s Mood: Sad, reflective, feels the change of age
- Contrast: Poet is ageing and weary; swans remain young and full of energy
- Key Symbols:
- Swans → permanence, passion, constancy
- Autumn → ageing, decline, change
- Twilight → end of a phase, nearing death
- Main Theme: The contrast between fleeting human life and the timeless beauty of nature
- Tone: Reflective, sorrowful, yet admiring of the swans
- Important Lines to Quote:
- “My heart is sore” → poet’s sadness
- “Unwearied still, lover by lover” → swans’ constancy
- “Delight men’s eyes” → timeless charm of swans
- Poetic Devices: Imagery, symbolism, alliteration, repetition
- Exam Tip: Always show contrast between poet’s ageing and swans’ timelessness
FAQs for Class 12 Poetry (Kaleidoscope)
1. What is the central idea of “The Wild Swans at Coole”?
The poem shows Yeats’s sadness at growing old while the swans remain youthful, lively, and constant.
2. Why are the swans important in the poem?
The swans symbolise love, constancy, and timeless beauty. They contrast with human life, which changes with age.
3. What feelings does Yeats express in the poem?
He feels sorrow, loss, and nostalgia, but also admiration for the swans’ vitality.
4. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?
The poem follows a regular rhyme scheme of ababcc in each stanza.
5. How does nature contribute to the poem’s mood?
The autumn trees, twilight sky, and still water create a calm but sad background that mirrors Yeats’s feelings.
6. What does “my heart is sore” mean?
It means the poet feels deep sadness and emotional pain.
7. Why does Yeats fear the swans may fly away?
He worries that one day they may leave, and he will lose the only constant source of beauty in his life.
8. How should I write answers in the exam?
Use key words like “symbolism”, “contrast”, and “constancy”. Quote short lines to support your points.
9. What literary devices are important to mention?
Imagery, symbolism, repetition, and alliteration are most important.
10. What lesson can we learn from the poem?
The poem teaches us to accept change in life but also to admire the timeless beauty of nature.
About the Poet & References
About W. B. Yeats
William Butler Yeats (1865–1939) was an Irish poet, playwright, and one of the greatest literary figures of the 20th century. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923. Yeats was deeply influenced by Irish mythology, folklore, and the nationalist movement. His works often blend personal emotions with larger cultural and political themes. The Wild Swans at Coole, written in 1916 and published in 1919, reflects his feelings of ageing and loss, set against the timeless beauty of nature.
References
- NCERT, Kaleidoscope: Elective English for Class XII, Poetry Section
- Yeats, W. B. The Wild Swans at Coole (1919)
- Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms
- Critical essays and notes on Yeats’s poetry (public domain sources)
Friday, July 18, 2025
The Address by Marga Minco – Summary, Word Meanings, and Q&A for Class 11 English Snapshots
If you're a Class 11 student looking to understand the story The Address by Marga Minco from the NCERT Snapshots textbook, this post is just for you. Here, you'll find a simple and clear summary, important word meanings, and exam-style questions and answers. This guide will help you do well in your school tests and final exams. All answers are written in easy English suited for CBSE and other boards that follow the NCERT syllabus.
Table of Content
- Summary of The Address by Marga Minco
- Word Meaning of The Address by Marga Minco
- Questions and Answers of The Address by Marga Minco
- Important Questions from The Address by Marga Minco
- The Address by Marga Minco – Summary in Hindi
- The Address by Marga Minco – Summary in Urdu
- The Address by Marga Minco – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)</a >
Summary of The Address by Marga Minco
The story The Address is about a young girl who returns to her old home after the war. She wants to find some of her family’s things that were left behind. Before the war, her mother had trusted a woman named Mrs Dorling to keep their valuable items safe. But when the girl visits Mrs Dorling after the war, she does not receive a warm welcome.
Mrs Dorling acts strange and does not want to let her in. Later, the girl visits again when Mrs Dorling is not home. Her daughter opens the door and lets her in. Inside, the girl sees her mother’s things – the tablecloth, cutlery, plates, and other items. But instead of feeling happy, she feels out of place. These objects, once full of warmth, now feel cold and lifeless.
The girl realises that no object can bring back her past. She decides to leave everything behind and not return to the address again. The story shows how war changes everything, even simple things like a spoon or a chair.
Word Meaning of The Address by Marga Minco
Below are the meanings of some difficult words and phrases from the story The Address. These will help you understand the chapter better.
Word / Phrase | Meaning |
---|---|
War memorial | A place built to remember those who died in war |
Muttered | Spoke in a low and unclear voice |
Stern | Serious and strict-looking |
Beckoned | Made a gesture to call someone over |
Maroon | A dark reddish-brown colour |
Hanukkah | A Jewish festival celebrated in winter |
Cutlery | Knives, forks, and spoons |
Woollen table-cloth | A piece of fabric made of wool used on a table |
Familiar | Known or recognised |
Shabby | Old and in bad condition |
Embroidered | Decorated with thread patterns |
Mantelpiece | A shelf above a fireplace |
Tumult | Noise and confusion |
Successor | A person who takes over after someone else |
Sunk into | Sat deep in something (like a chair) |
Cupped my hand | Shaped my hand like a bowl |
Questions and Answers of The Address by Marga Minco
1. ‘Have you come back?’ said the woman. ‘I thought that no one had come back.’
Does this statement give some clue about the story? If yes, what is it?
Answer:
Yes, this line gives us a clear clue. It shows that something bad happened in the past, most likely during the war. The woman (Mrs Dorling) thought that the narrator and her family did not survive. This tells us that the story is about someone returning after a long, painful time, looking for something or someone from their past.
2. The story is divided into pre-War and post-War times.
What hardships do you think the girl underwent during these times?
Answer:
Before the war, the girl and her mother had to give their belongings to Mrs Dorling for safekeeping. It must have been hard to part with those familiar things. During the war, the girl and her mother faced danger, fear, and loss. After the war, the girl returned alone. Her mother had died. She had no proper home, no family, and even when she tried to get her things back, she was not treated kindly. The objects, instead of bringing comfort, made her feel worse. This shows how deeply the war had hurt her life.
3. Why did the narrator of the story want to forget the address?
Answer:
The narrator wanted to forget the address because it reminded her of pain, loss, and the past. Even though her mother’s belongings were in that house, they no longer felt like hers. The house was different, the woman was cold, and the objects brought no happiness. The past could not return, so the narrator chose to let go of it and move on.
4. ‘The Address’ is a story of human predicament that follows war. Comment.
Answer:
Yes, the story shows how war breaks people’s lives. The narrator lost her home, her mother, and even the comfort of her family’s old things. She was left with memories and sadness. Mrs Dorling, who was once trusted, acted selfishly. People changed. Objects lost their meaning. The story tells how war not only destroys buildings and lives, but also feelings, trust, and memories. It shows the pain people carry, even after the fighting is over.
Important Questions from The Address by Marga Minco
These questions are based on both facts and understanding. They include Very Short Answer (VSA), Short Answer (SA), and Long Answer (LA) types, as per Class 11 exam pattern.
Very Short Answer Questions (VSA)
(Answer in one sentence)
1. What did Mrs Dorling wear when the narrator saw her after the war?
Answer: She wore a green coat and opened the door only a little.
2. Who gave Mrs Dorling the family’s belongings?
Answer: The narrator’s mother gave them to Mrs Dorling.
3. What was the narrator’s reaction when she saw the old things in the house?
Answer: She felt like a stranger and wanted to leave.
4. Why was the narrator not recognised by Mrs Dorling’s daughter?
Answer: Because they had never met before and the narrator had changed.
Short Answer Questions (SA)
(Answer in 30–40 words)
5. Describe the atmosphere in Mrs Dorling’s house when the narrator visited the second time.
Answer: The house felt strange and lifeless. Though the objects were familiar, the warmth was missing. The narrator felt uneasy and disconnected.
6. How does the narrator describe the cutlery at Mrs Dorling’s house?
Answer: She says the spoons, forks, and knives were all silver and once used daily in her own home. Now, they looked dull and out of place.
7. Why did the narrator not tell Mrs Dorling’s daughter who she really was?
Answer: She did not want to talk about the painful past. She also knew that even if she explained, the girl might not understand.
Long Answer Questions (LA)
(Answer in 100–120 words)
8. Why do you think Mrs Dorling refused to let the narrator in when she first came?
Answer: Mrs Dorling may have felt guilty for keeping the narrator’s family’s things. She might have hoped the family would never return. When the narrator came back, she feared she’d be asked to return the items. Her cold behaviour showed that she didn’t want to deal with the past or take responsibility.
9. What kind of relationship do you think the narrator’s mother had with Mrs Dorling?
Answer: The narrator’s mother trusted Mrs Dorling enough to give her valuable household items during the war. This shows that they shared some level of understanding. However, it is also possible that the mother was desperate and had no one else to rely on. It wasn’t a close friendship, as the narrator herself barely remembered the woman.
10. How does The Address show that material things cannot replace lost people and emotions?
Answer: In the story, the narrator sees all the things that once belonged to her family—plates, cutlery, tablecloths—but they no longer bring comfort. Instead of joy, these objects make her feel sad and empty. They remind her of what she has lost—her home, her mother, and a life that is gone. This shows that things cannot bring back feelings, memories, or people. Some losses are beyond repair.
The Address by Marga Minco – Summary in Hindi
द एड्रेस – हिंदी में सारांश
यह कहानी एक लड़की की है जो युद्ध के बाद अपने पुराने घर लौटती है। वह कुछ सामान वापस लेने आती है जो उसकी मां ने युद्ध से पहले एक महिला, मिसेज डॉरलिंग, को सौंप दिया था।
जब वह पहली बार मिसेज डॉरलिंग के घर जाती है, तो वे उसे अंदर नहीं आने देतीं। कुछ समय बाद वह दोबारा जाती है। इस बार मिसेज डॉरलिंग घर पर नहीं होतीं और उनकी बेटी दरवाजा खोलती है।
लड़की घर में जाती है और वहां अपनी मां का सामान देखती है — चम्मच, प्लेटें, मेज़पोश आदि। लेकिन अब वे चीजें उसे परायी लगती हैं। उन्हें देखकर वह खुश नहीं होती। वह सोचती है कि चीजें भले ही वापस मिल जाएं, बीता हुआ समय और लोग कभी वापस नहीं आते।
आख़िर में वह फैसला करती है कि वह अब कभी उस पते पर वापस नहीं आएगी। यह कहानी दिखाती है कि युद्ध सिर्फ जीवन नहीं, यादें और रिश्ते भी छीन लेता है।
The Address by Marga Minco – Summary in Urdu
دی ایڈریس – اردو میں خلاصہ
یہ کہانی ایک لڑکی کی ہے جو جنگ کے بعد اپنے پرانے گھر واپس آتی ہے۔ اس کی ماں نے جنگ سے پہلے اپنا قیمتی سامان مسز ڈارلنگ نامی عورت کو دے دیا تھا تاکہ وہ اسے محفوظ رکھے۔
جب لڑکی پہلی بار اس ایڈریس پر جاتی ہے، تو مسز ڈارلنگ اسے گھر میں داخل نہیں ہونے دیتیں۔ کچھ دن بعد وہ پھر جاتی ہے۔ اس بار مسز ڈارلنگ گھر پر نہیں ہوتیں اور ان کی بیٹی دروازہ کھولتی ہے۔
لڑکی گھر کے اندر جاتی ہے اور اپنی ماں کی چیزیں دیکھتی ہے — چمچ، پلیٹیں، میز پوش وغیرہ۔ لیکن ان چیزوں کو دیکھ کر اسے خوشی نہیں ہوتی بلکہ وہ اجنبی محسوس کرتی ہے۔
لڑکی کو محسوس ہوتا ہے کہ چیزیں تو واپس آ سکتی ہیں، لیکن پرانا وقت اور اپنے لوگ واپس نہیں آ سکتے۔ آخرکار وہ فیصلہ کرتی ہے کہ وہ اس ایڈریس پر دوبارہ کبھی نہیں آئے گی۔
یہ کہانی دکھاتی ہے کہ جنگ صرف جسمانی نقصان نہیں کرتی بلکہ دل اور یادوں کو بھی زخمی کرتی ہے۔
The Address by Marga Minco – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Why did the narrator visit Mrs Dorling's house after the war?</strong >
A. To meet an old friend
B. To ask for help
C. To take back her family's belongings
D. To deliver a letter
2. How did Mrs Dorling behave when she first saw the narrator?</strong >
A. She was excited and welcomed her
B. She looked confused and invited her in
C. She was polite but distant
D. She was cold and did not let her enter
3. What emotion did the narrator feel while seeing her mother's things in Mrs Dorling’s house?</strong >
A. Joy
B. Pride
C. Discomfort
D. Curiosity
4. What item did the narrator not mention seeing in the house?</strong >
A. Silver cutlery
B. Tablecloth
C. Photo album
D. Plates
5. What was the narrator’s final decision after visiting the house?</strong >
A. She would come again
B. She would report Mrs Dorling
C. She would take the items back
D. She would never return
6. What does the title The Address mostly refer to?</strong >
A. A letter from her mother
B. The location of her old house
C. The place where her family's belongings were kept
D. A post-war refugee centre
7. What war is referred to in the story?
A. World War I
B. World War II
C. Civil War
D. Cold War
8. What is the likely reason the narrator’s mother gave the items to Mrs Dorling?</strong >
A. For donation
B. To hide them from soldiers
C. For safekeeping during the war
D. Because she was shifting abroad
9. What did the narrator do when Mrs Dorling’s daughter invited her to sit?</strong >
A. She sat comfortably
B. She looked around and then sat
C. She refused to sit
D. She sat and started talking about her mother
10. Why did the narrator not share her identity with the girl in the house?</strong >
A. She was afraid
B. She forgot to mention
C. She did not want to bring back painful memories
D. The girl was rude
Answer Key:
-
C
-
D
-
C
-
C
-
D
-
C
-
B
-
C
-
C
-
C
Wednesday, October 2, 2024
A Legend of the Northland by Phoebe Cary - Summary Q&A Solved
A Legend of the Northland
Summary of the Poem "A Legend of the Northland" (by Phoebe Cary)
The poem tells the story of an old lady who meets Saint Peter while he is preaching on Earth. Saint Peter, feeling weak from hunger, asks her for a cake. However, the lady, despite having enough dough, is too selfish to give him any. She bakes smaller and smaller cakes, but always finds them too big to part with. Angry at her greed, Saint Peter curses her, turning her into a woodpecker, condemning her to peck at wood for her food. The poem highlights the moral that greed and selfishness can lead to unfortunate consequences.Literary Devices Used
- Rhyme Scheme: The poem follows an ABAB rhyme pattern, making it musical. For example, "snows" rhymes with "clothes" and "you" rhymes with "true."
- Alliteration: The repetition of consonant sounds can be seen in phrases like "faint with fasting."
- Simile: The children in the Northland are described as looking "like bear’s cubs in their funny, furry clothes."
- Personification: The woodpecker is personified, originally being a woman who can think and feel.
Difficult Words
- Northland: A cold, snowy region.
- Legend: A traditional story passed down through generations.
- Provoke: To make someone angry.
- Scarlet: A bright red color.
- Scanty: Barely enough.
Thinking about the Poem - Questions and Answers
I.
-
Which country or countries do you think "the Northland" refers to?
- The "Northland" likely refers to cold, northern countries like Norway, Sweden, or Canada, where winters are long and snowy.
-
What did Saint Peter ask the old lady for? What was the lady’s reaction?
- Saint Peter asked the old lady for a cake. The lady, although she had enough dough, was selfish and did not want to give him any cake, always finding them too big to give away.
-
How did he punish her?
- Saint Peter punished the lady by turning her into a woodpecker, forcing her to search for food by pecking wood.
-
How does the woodpecker get her food?
- The woodpecker gets her food by pecking at the wood of trees, symbolizing the punishment for her greed.
-
Do you think that the old lady would have been so ungenerous if she had known who Saint Peter really was? What would she have done then?
- If the old lady had known Saint Peter’s true identity, she might have been more generous, fearing the consequences of denying him food.
-
Is this a true story? Which part of this poem do you feel is the most important?
- No, this is not a true story; it is a legend meant to teach a moral. The most important part is when the lady’s greed leads to her transformation into a woodpecker.
-
What is a legend? Why is this poem called a legend?
- A legend is a traditional story that often carries a moral or lesson. This poem is called a legend because it narrates a fictional story with a moral lesson about greed.
-
Write the story of ‘A Legend of the Northland’ in about ten sentences.
- In the cold Northland, there lived an old lady who once met Saint Peter. Saint Peter, tired and hungry, asked her for a cake. The lady, despite having enough dough, was too selfish to share even a small cake. She made the cakes smaller and smaller, but always found them too large to give away. Angered by her greed, Saint Peter cursed her, turning her into a woodpecker. She was forced to peck at trees for food, living in the forest for the rest of her life. She retained her red cap, but the rest of her clothes were burnt black. To this day, people see the woodpecker as a reminder of this legend.
II.
-
Find more rhyming words.
- Words like “earth” and “hearth,” “done” and “one,” “flat” and “that” also rhyme within the poem.
-
Find legends in your own language and share them.
- This question encourages students to explore and present legends from their own culture, fostering a sense of connection between folk stories and moral lessons.
20 Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) on the poem 'A Legend of the Northland'
MCQs on "A Legend of the Northland"
1. Where is the Northland located, according to the poem?
a) In the east
b) In the tropics
c) In the northern snowy regions
d) Near the equator
2. What is the primary theme of the poem?
a) Bravery
b) Greed and selfishness
c) Kindness and compassion
d) Fear
3. What did Saint Peter ask the old woman for?
a) A glass of water
b) A piece of cake
c) Shelter for the night
d) Some wood for a fire
4. How did the old woman react when Saint Peter asked her for food?
a) She gave him a large cake
b) She refused to give him any food
c) She baked small cakes but found them too big to give
d) She gave him water instead
5. Why did Saint Peter punish the old woman?
a) She insulted him
b) She was rude to him
c) She was too selfish to share her cakes
d) She lied about her food
6. What form did the old woman take after Saint Peter's curse?
a) A reindeer
b) A crow
c) A woodpecker
d) A squirrel
7. What characteristic did the woman retain after being turned into a woodpecker?
a) Her scarlet cap
b) Her black dress
c) Her ability to bake cakes
d) Her speech
8. What lesson does the poem convey?
a) Always follow rules
b) Greed leads to punishment
c) Wealth brings happiness
d) Respect the elderly
9. What kind of poem is "A Legend of the Northland"?
a) A ballad
b) An epic
c) A sonnet
d) A haiku
10. Who wrote "A Legend of the Northland"?
a) William Wordsworth
b) Robert Frost
c) Phoebe Cary
d) Emily Dickinson
11. What does the reindeer symbolize in the poem?
a) Speed
b) The cold, snowy environment of the Northland
c) The people of the Northland
d) Strength
12. How does the poem describe the children of the Northland?
a) Like bears
b) Like angels
c) Like cubs in furry clothes
d) Like snowflakes
13. What moral lesson is highlighted in the transformation of the old woman?
a) Help others even when you are in need
b) Be wise in making decisions
c) Selfishness leads to unfortunate consequences
d) Share your wealth generously
14. What literary device is used in the line, “Where the children look like bear’s cubs”?
a) Simile
b) Metaphor
c) Alliteration
d) Personification
15. What was the lady doing when Saint Peter approached her?
a) Harvesting crops
b) Baking cakes
c) Knitting
d) Sewing clothes
16. Which lines from the poem tell us that the poet is skeptical about the truth of the story?
a) "Away, away in the Northland"
b) "They tell them a curious story — I don’t believe 'tis true"
c) "And still a smaller one"
d) "Now you shall build as the birds do"
17. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?
a) ABAB
b) AABB
c) ABCD
d) AAAA
18. What happened to the old woman’s clothes after she was transformed?
a) They turned into gold
b) They turned black like coal
c) They were left behind
d) They were burnt to ashes
19. What does the woodpecker do to get its food?
a) Flies and hunts insects
b) Borrows food from other birds
c) Bores into trees for insects
d) Builds a nest in trees
20. Why is this poem called "A Legend of the Northland"?
a) It tells a mythological story set in the Northland
b) It is based on a true story in the Northland
c) It describes the real events in history
d) It talks about historical events from the North
Answer Key:
- c) In the northern snowy regions
- b) Greed and selfishness
- b) A piece of cake
- c) She baked small cakes but found them too big to give
- c) She was too selfish to share her cakes
- c) A woodpecker
- a) Her scarlet cap
- b) Greed leads to punishment
- a) A ballad
- c) Phoebe Cary
- b) The cold, snowy environment of the Northland
- c) Like cubs in furry clothes
- c) Selfishness leads to unfortunate consequences
- a) Simile
- b) Baking cakes
- b) "They tell them a curious story — I don’t believe 'tis true"
- a) ABAB
- b) They turned black like coal
- c) Bores into trees for insects
- a) It tells a mythological story set in the Northland
30 MCQs on "Bholi" by K.A. Abbas Class 10 English NCERT Solution
MCQs - "Bholi" by K.A. Abbas with the Answer Key at the end.
What was Bholi’s real name?
- a) Champa
- b) Sulekha
- c) Radha
- d) Mangla
Why did everyone call her Bholi?
- a) Because she was clever
- b) Because she was a simpleton
- c) Because she was beautiful
- d) Because she was the eldest
What happened to Bholi when she was ten months old?
- a) She fell off the cot and hurt her head
- b) She had a fever
- c) She started speaking early
- d) She was sent to school
How did Bholi’s appearance change when she was two years old?
- a) She had a fever
- b) She had smallpox and her face was disfigured
- c) She fell ill and became weak
- d) She was sent to school
What was the condition of Bholi’s speech?
- a) She could speak fluently
- b) She was mute
- c) She stammered when speaking
- d) She spoke in multiple languages
What was Bholi’s family background?
- a) They were wealthy city people
- b) They were poor villagers
- c) They were prosperous farmers
- d) They were shopkeepers
How many siblings did Bholi have?
- a) Three
- b) Four
- c) Seven
- d) Six
Why was Bholi sent to school?
- a) Her parents wanted her to study
- b) The Tehsildar asked her father to set an example
- c) Her mother insisted she go
- d) Bholi herself wanted to study
How did Bholi react when her father told her about school?
- a) She was excited
- b) She was scared
- c) She was angry
- d) She was indifferent
Why was Bholi given new clothes for her first day at school?
- a) Her parents wanted to celebrate
- b) The teacher asked for it
- c) To avoid embarrassment in front of others
- d) Her mother insisted on it
- What fascinated Bholi at school during her first day?
- a) The other children
- b) The teacher’s voice
- c) The colorful pictures on the walls
- d) The headmistress’s speech
- How did Bholi’s teacher encourage her to speak?
- a) By threatening her
- b) By being kind and patient
- c) By ignoring her stammering
- d) By giving her gifts
- What promise did the teacher make to Bholi?
- a) That she would marry a rich man
- b) That she would be as learned as anyone in the village
- c) That she would become the school headmistress
- d) That she would never stammer again
- How did Bholi feel after her first day at school?
- a) Sad and lonely
- b) Confident and hopeful
- c) Angry at her father
- d) Scared of her teacher
- What proposal was made for Bholi’s marriage?
- a) A young, handsome man from the city
- b) An old, wealthy man named Bishamber
- c) A teacher from her school
- d) A poor farmer
- What was Bishamber’s reaction when he saw Bholi’s face?
- a) He accepted her happily
- b) He demanded a dowry
- c) He rejected her immediately
- d) He praised her beauty
- How did Bholi’s father respond to Bishamber’s dowry demand?
- a) He refused to pay
- b) He offered him two thousand rupees
- c) He called off the marriage
- d) He asked Bholi to reject the proposal
- What did Bholi do when Bishamber tried to marry her after receiving dowry?
- a) She remained silent
- b) She threw the garland into the fire
- c) She cried and accepted her fate
- d) She begged her father to stop the wedding
- What was Bholi’s main reason for rejecting Bishamber?
- a) His age
- b) His greed and lack of respect
- c) His appearance
- d) His wealth
- How did Bholi’s parents react to her rejection of the marriage?
- a) They were proud of her
- b) They were ashamed and disappointed
- c) They supported her decision
- d) They arranged another match
- How did the villagers react to Bholi’s actions at the wedding?
- a) They praised her bravery
- b) They called her shameless
- c) They offered her help
- d) They ignored her
- What future plans did Bholi have after rejecting the marriage?
- a) To live alone
- b) To become a teacher
- c) To marry someone else
- d) To work in her father’s farm
- What does the name "Bholi" mean?
- a) Intelligent
- b) Simpleton
- c) Brave
- d) Beautiful
- Why was Bholi called "Sulekha" at the end of the story?
- a) To show her transformation into a confident woman
- b) Because her parents changed her name
- c) Because her teacher gave her a new name
- d) To honor her marriage rejection
- What does Bholi’s rejection of Bishamber symbolize?
- a) The victory of greed
- b) The empowerment of women
- c) The failure of marriage traditions
- d) The importance of education
- What lesson does Bholi's story teach about social attitudes?
- a) To follow traditions blindly
- b) To break barriers of discrimination and fight for dignity
- c) To always accept societal norms
- d) To depend on others for self-worth
- How did Bholi’s family view her before she went to school?
- a) As an intelligent girl
- b) As a burden
- c) As a future leader
- d) As their pride
- How did Bholi’s teacher change her life?
- a) By punishing her
- b) By encouraging her to learn and overcome her fears
- c) By arranging her marriage
- d) By making her the head girl
- What is the primary theme of the story "Bholi"?
- a) Greed and wealth
- b) Education and self-respect
- c) Love and sacrifice
- d) Power and authority
- What does Bholi promise her father at the end of the story?
- a) That she will take care of him in his old age
- b) That she will find a better husband
- c) That she will run away from home
- d) That she will never go to school again
Answer Key:
- b
- b
- a
- b
- c
- c
- d
- b
- b
- c
- c
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- a
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b
- a